Editorial
Dear friends,Good morning, my dear Eucalyptus friends. Here we are again, with the 14th issue of our Eucalyptus Newsletter. In this edition, as it is being usual, we are again bringing a lot of information and knowledge about these wonderful trees and their utilization. Remember that most of this information is brought to you for your better understanding about the Eucalyptus. The purpose is to offer knowledge in a way that you may learn more, and to enjoy doing such. For this, we are forcing you, in some extent, to navigate the web to grab as much on good information as possible. We also offer good articles, and recommendations of books and interesting events. I hope you may, like me, also admire these trees and the products they offer to Society.
In this edition of the Eucalyptus Newsletter we are introducing to you some more chapters of our Eucalyptus Online Book, both in Portuguese. For the time being, be patient, the English versions are in the process of being built.
In the Ester Foelkel's section about "Curiosities and Oddities about the Eucalyptus" she is telling us about the utilization of the Eucalyptus for landscape designing and gardening.
In the section "The Friends of the Eucalyptus", I'm telling to you the professional life and the career of one of the most renowned professors in the Brazilian modern silviculture, Dr. Jose Luiz Stape. Dr. Stape is a great educator, researcher and promoter of the Eucalyptus planted forests. Among his aims, he wants not only to discover new knowledge about these forests as sources of wood products, but also in all the richness of their ecosystems and their eco-physiological efficiencies. I'm very honored to have the opportunity to introduce him to you in this issue of our Eucalyptus Newsletter.
We are coming back again with another dialogue with my dear friend Alberto Mori in the section "A Talk with Alberto Mori about the Papers Manufactured with Eucalyptus Fibers". This time, the technical conversation will cover the utilization of the Eucalyptus to the production of decor papers.
The today's mini-article is titled "The Eucalyptus and the Soil Conservation". This is another issue that we decided to have it clarified to readers, in a simple writing format and in the most honest and sincere way. The purpose is to continue to bring information about the environmental effects of the Eucalyptus forests in the ecosystems where they live and develop to generate valuable products to Mankind.
In case you are not registered yet to receive free-of-charge the Eucalyptus Newsletter and the chapters of the Eucalyptus Online Book, I suggest you to do it through the following link: Click here for registration.
We have several non-financial supporting partners to the Eucalyptus Online Book & Newsletter: TAPPI, IPEF, SIF, CeluloseOnline, CETCEP/SENAI, RIADICYP, TECNICELPA, ATCP Chile, Appita, CENPAPEL, TAPPSA, SBS, ANAVE, AGEFLOR, EMBRAPA FLORESTAS and GIT - Eucalyptologics. They are helping to disseminate our efforts in favor of the Eucalyptus in countries such as: Brazil, USA, Chile, Portugal, Spain, Colombia, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. However, thanks to the world wide web, in reality they are helping to promote our project to the entire world. Thanks very much to our partners for believing in what we are doing.
Know more about all of our today’s partners at the URL address:
http://www.eucalyptus.com.br/partners.htmlThanks again for the support to our work. We have just now reached the 6,000 registered people receiving these online publications about the Eucalyptus. Even so,
I beg your help to inform about and to promote our project to your friends, in case you feel these publications may be helpful to them. Please, accept my personal thanks, and also the gratitude from Celsius Degree, ABTCP, Botnia, Aracruz, International Paper do Brasil, Conestoga-Rovers & Associates, Suzano and from the supporting partners.
Our best wishes to all of you, and please enjoy your reading.
Celso Foelkel
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br
http://www.eucalyptus.com.br
http://www.abtcp.org.br
Eucalyptus Online Book Chapter 08 (in Portuguese)
Eucalyptus Online Book Chapter 09 (in Portuguese)
Online Technical References
References about Events and Courses
Euca-LinksThe Friends of the Eucalyptus - Dr. Jose Luiz Stape
A Talk with Alberto Mori about the Papers Manufactured with Eucalyptus Fibers : Decor Papers
Technical Mini-Article by Celso Foelkel
The Eucalyptus and the Soil Conservation
Eucalyptus Online Book Chapter 08 (in Portuguese)
For downloading the chapter (in Adobe pdf - 10.7 MB) just click the name of the chapter.
In case you do not have the Adobe Reader installed in your computer, please visit http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos_eng.html and find the instructions how to get it.
Since it is a heavy file, please, be patient to allow the full downloading.
"Os Eucaliptos e as Leguminosas. Parte 01: Acacia mearnsii"
Eucalyptus Online Book Chapter 09 (in Portuguese)
For downloading the chapter (in Adobe pdf - 1.3 MB) just click the name of the chapter.
In case you do not have the Adobe Reader installed in your computer, please visit http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos_eng.html and find the instructions how to get it.
Since it is a heavy file, please, be patient to allow the full downloading.
"Ecoeficiencia e Producao mais Limpa para a Industria de Celulose e Papel de Eucalipto"
Online Technical References
In this section, we are offering some very good euca-links with relevant publications available in the virtual world wide web library. You have only to click the URLs addresses to open the documents and/or to save them. Since they are references, we are not responsible for the opinion of the corresponding authors. However, believe me, they are valuable references that should be watched carefully, since they are very much connected with the Eucalyptus. In this section, we are trying to balance recent and historical publications, those that are helping to build the foundations and the history of the Eucalyptus forestry, environment, industrial utilization, and many other areas related to these magic trees."Forest Products Annual Market Review" - (English)
It is a publication written in 2006 and showing wood products and world markets, with emphasis on Europe, China and North America. It consists in a joint study by UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) and FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 163 pages.
http://www.unece.org/trade/timber/docs/fpama/2006/fpamr2006.pdfIBAMA Technical Information Document about "Forest Re-establishment" - (Portuguese)
t is a very instructive document edited by the Silviculture Coordination area of IBAMA (Brazilian Institute for Environment and Natural Resources). 39 pages. 2002
http://www.ibama.gov.br/recursos-florestais/wp-content/files/078-reposicao_florestal.pdfBook "Genomics of Tropical Crop Plants" - (English)
It is a recent book (2008) edited by Springer about the biotechnological advances and genomics in several agricultural and forest crops. There is an excellent chapter by our dear and competent friend Dr. Dario Grattapaglia.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/ku5r2k/?p=561f32e9da424cd89abecef361182d06&pi=0
http://www.springerlink.com/content/ku5r2k/cover-large.gif
http://www.springerlink.com/content/ku5r2k/front-matter.pdf
http://www.springerlink.com/content/x4558lr1651095q3 (Dr. Grattapaglia chapter - only a preview, to have it in total the book has to be bought)ABRAF 2007 Year Statistical Report - (Portuguese and English)
ABRAF is the Brazilian Association of the Planted Forests Producers. As regularly done, the ABRAF has issued its Yearbook with the Brazilian statistics on plantation forests. It has the aim to present the accomplishments of the Brazilian forestry segment and news about the association members.
http://www.abraflor.org.br/estatisticas.asp
http://www.abraflor.org.br/estatisticas/ABRAF08-BR.pdf (Portuguese)
http://www.abraflor.org.br/estatisticas/ABRAF08-EN.pdf (English)Article "Desafios Tecnologicos y Ambientales para la Gestion Sustentable del Sector Forestal en los Paises de America Latina y el Caribe" - (Spanish)
Technical paper written by my special friend from Chile, Prof. Dr. Claudio Zaror co-worked by O. Parra e P. Gonzalez. 47 pages. 1998
http://www.redhucyt.oas.org/ocyt/ENVIRO/sector%20forestal.pdfArticle "Perspectiva Fisiologica en la Produccion y Mejora del Eucalipto (con enfasis en Eucalyptus globulus) - (Spanish)
An article by Prof. Jose A. Pardos, published in the CIDEU Bulletin in an 2007 issue. 49 pages. CIDEU is the Center for Information and Documentation of the Eucalyptus (http://www.uhu.es/cideu)
http://www.uhu.es/cideu/Boletin/Boletin3/BolInf3CIDEU7-55.pdfMaster Dissertation "Qualidade, Desempenho Operacional e Custos com o Cultivo Minimo em Eucalyptus grandis" - (Portuguese)
Master Dissertation by Mr. Vitor A. G. Fesser, having the advising of Dr. Marcos Milan. The covered subject is the minimum soil preparation to the establishment of Eucalyptus plantation forests. ESALQ/USP. 105 pages. 2003
http://www.rsflorestal.com.br/arquivos/artigos/c/Custo%20Cultivo%20Minimo.pdf"Eucalyptus nitens in Spain" - (English)
Available at the specialized website about Eucalyptus - PrimaBio, United Kingdom. (http://www.primabio.co.uk/index.htm).
http://www.primabio.co.uk/bm_enitensinSpain.htmPublication "Sustainable Procurement of Wood and Paper-based Products: an introduction" - (English)
A joint publication by WBCSD (World Business Council for Sustainable Development) and WRI (World Resources Institute). 18 pages. 2007
http://www.wbcsd.org/DocRoot/OcLec5FMAeZXdpajYk09/ForestProcurementIntro.pdfFAO Document about "Management of Wood Quality in Planted Forests: A paradigm for global forest production" - (English)
A FAO Working Paper (Food and Agriculture Organization), number FP/36/E - 2006, written by Richard Jagels, available at the FAO website.
http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/j8289e/J8289E00.HTMDocument "Brazil: a Country Profile on Sustainable Energy Development" - (English)
An excellent book resulted from the cooperation of several organizations -IAEA/COPPE/CENBIO/UNDESA. 339 pages. 2006
http://www.iaea.org/OurWork/ST/NE/Pess/assets/BRAZIL_FINAL_24April06.pdfThesis "Efeito da Irrigacao e Fertilizacao nas Propriedades do Lenho de Arvores de Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla" - (Portuguese)
A great work on Eucalyptus wood anatomy by our dear friend Dr. Mario Tomazello Filho to ESALQ/USP, presented in 2006. 146 pages.
http://www.ipef.br/servicos/teses/arquivos/tomazello%20filho,m.pdfMaster Dissertation "Efeito da Aplicacao do Lodo de Esgoto e de Fertilizacao Mineral no Crescimento e Propriedades da Madeira de Arvores de Eucalyptus grandis"
A research about the utilization of sanitary sludge to fertilize Eucalyptus plantations and the corresponding effect on wood quality and anatomy. A work by Carlos Roberto Sette Jr. presented to ESALQ/USP. 153 pages. 2007. The MS student had Dr. Mario Tomazello Filho as his major professor.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-03072007-105132
References on Events and Courses
This section has as aim to introduce to you several very good links with recently already happened events. The advantage provided to the readers is that the event organizers made the presentations or proceedings available for free downloading. This is a very good way to practice social and scientific responsibility. Our most sincere thanks to all these organizers for this friendly procedure, sharing the event material with the interested parties.
Workshops "Site Management and Productivity in Tropical Plantation Forests" - (English)
A selected group of international events coordinated by CIFOR (Center for International Forest Research - Indonesia) in partnership with local institutions. The events took place in South Africa, India, Congo, China and Brazil. The proceedings contain valuable technical material on planted forests with Eucalyptus, Acacia, Tectona, Pinus, etc. You cannot miss this:
1998 (South Africa Workshop - 77 pp.)
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/StMgnt.pdf1999 (India Workshop - 108 pp.)
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/MgSite-kerala.pdf2001 e 2003 (Congo and China Workshops - 228 pp.)
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/StMgnt-tropical/Site_Management1.pdf
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/zip-file/StMgnt-tropical.zip2004 (Brazil Workshop)
http://www.ipef.br/eventos/2004/productivity.asp
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004F.pdfProceedings of the IPEF Technical Meeting about "Second Rotation of Eucalyptus Forests Managed by Coppicing" - (Portuguese)
It is not a recent event, it happened back to 1987. However, this issue is gaining importance again, since the management of Eucalyptus plantation forests by coppicing has potential advantages. There are strong possibilities that this type of silvicultural management may play important role in the years to come.
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/stecnica/nr11.aspIUFRO Congress "Eucalypts and Diversity: balancing productivity and sustainability" - (English)
A great event by IUFRO dedicated to the Eucalyptus (International Union of Forest Research Organizations). The congress was held in South Africa in the year 2007. Although not all presentations are available for downloading, you may find several of them, all related to the main topic of the congress. Have a look on this offer:
http://www.iufrodurban.org.za (Congress website)
http://www.iufrodurban.org.za/presentations.htm (Speech presentations)
http://www.iufrodurban.org.za/poster_presentations.htm (Posters)International Symposium "Forest Soils under Global and Local Changes" - (English)
This event has happened in the year 2004, in France. The event book contains expanded summaries of several dozens of papers related to: management, microbiology, hydrology, productivity, nutrition, fertility, carbon sinking, nutrient cycling, forest wastes, etc. Please, go to visit:
http://www.pierroton.inra.fr/IEFC/manifestations/soilsymposium2004/Abstracts.v4.pdf
Eurosoil 2004 - (English)
The congress took place in Freiburg, Germany, with an enormous number of papers on soil science.
http://www.bodenkunde2.uni-freiburg.de/eurosoil
http://www.bodenkunde2.uni-freiburg.de/eurosoil/Program_eng.htmIUFRO "Forest Plantations Meeting" - (English)
This event was held in 2006, South Carolina/USA. The speeches may be downloaded both as PowerPoint presentations or expanded summaries in text. See in special the speeches by Dr. Fred Cubbage (NCSU), who gave us a review on forest plantations: fat-growing forestry, wood supply and natural resources conservation. See also the speech by Dr. Thomas Fox concerning the sustainability of the forest plantations in the US South.
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/nreos/forest/feop/Agenda2006/iufro_plantations/
proceedings/summary.html (Programa do evento)
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/nreos/forest/feop/Agenda2006/iufro_plantations/
proceedings/K02s-Cubbage.pdf (Palestra Cubbage)
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/nreos/forest/feop/Agenda2006/iufro_plantations/
proceedings/C01s-Siry.pdf (Palestra Cubbage e Siry)
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/nreos/forest/feop/Agenda2006/iufro_plantations/
proceedings/S01s-Fox.pdf (Dr. Fox's speech)Energia 2020 "Sustentabilidade na Geracao e Uso da Energia no Brasil: os proximos 20 anos" - (Portuguese)
This event about energy in Brazil was held in 2002 at UNICAMP. The speeches covered the several sources of energy to Brazil, including biomass.
http://www.cgu.unicamp.br/energia2020/apresentacao.html
http://www.cgu.unicamp.br/energia2020/programacao.html (Speeches for downloading)
Here, we are bringing to you a series of links with several very good websites that have strong connection with the Eucalyptus. I hope you may visit them, taking advantage of the good technical material they offer at a no cost basis.
Prof. Dr. Art Ragauskas' Webpage - (USA)
Professor Dr. Art Ragauskas is one of the most distinguishing professors and researchers at IPST (Institute of Paper Science and Technology - Georgia Tech), in Atlanta/GA. His curriculum, his R&D activities, his educational hand-outs are available in a very rich webpage. Don't miss this, a value-added page to anyone wondering to know more about pulp, paper, biorefineries, nanotechnologies, etc.
http://www.ipst.gatech.edu/faculty_new/faculty_bios/ragauskas/bio_ragauskas_art.html (Dr. Ragauskas' biography)
http://www.ipst.gatech.edu/faculty_new/faculty_bios/ragauskas/ragauskas_tech_reviews.html (Technical reviews and class hand-outs - wood chemistry, pulp, paper, biorefineries, etc.)
http://www.ipst.gatech.edu/faculty_new/faculty_bios/ragauskas/ragauskas_posters.html (Posters and speeches)
http://www.ipst.gatech.edu/faculty_new/faculty_bios/ragauskas/ragauskas_presentations.html (PowerPoint presentations)
http://www.ipst.gatech.edu/faculty_new/faculty_bios/ragauskas/student_presentations/index.html (PowerPoint presentations)Mushrooms Website - (Brazil)
It is a very interesting website about mushrooms, some of them (Shiitake) having the Eucalyptus wood as source of nutrients and medium for growth. The authors are professors, technical staff and students of the Agronomical Sciences College - UNESP Botucatu/SP.
http://www.fca.unesp.br/cogumelos/index.php
http://www.fca.unesp.br/cogumelos/cogumelos.php (About eatable mushrooms)
http://www.fca.unesp.br/cogumelos/publicacoes.php?id=16 (About shiitake in Eucalyptus)
http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:c6j6ZQX0wBMJ:www.eduem.uem.br/acta/agro/2005_2/15_256_04.pdf
+%22Controle+de+fungos+contaminantes+no+cultivo+do+cogumelo+comest%C3%ADvel+shiitake+%22&hl
=pt-BR&ct=clnk&cd=3&gl=br (About shiitake in Eucalyptus)Portal "Colheita da Madeira - Wood Harvesting" - (Brazil)
It is a very good website, housing many technical information as theses, dissertations, articles, speeches, etc., both for Eucalyptus and Pinus species.
http://www.colheitademadeira.com.br (Website)
http://www.colheitademadeira.com.br/colheita/fotos (Photo gallery)
http://www.colheitademadeira.com.br/colheita/publicacoes (Publications)SBSAF - Sociedade Brasileira de Sistemas Agroflorestais - Brazilian Society of Agroforestry Systems - (Brazil)
SBSAF is an association of professionals of different background who have interest to promote agroforestry systems in Brazil. The association is well-known due to the congresses it organizes, with a lot of papers about agroforestry with Amazon region tree species. It worth, have a look.
http://www.sbsaf.org.br (General website )
http://www.sbsaf.org.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=16&Itemid=28 (Agroforestry congresses proceedings)
http://www.sbsaf.org.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=category§ionid=
5&id=15&Itemid=26 (Online magazine)Portal "Nutricao de Plantas - Plant Nutrition" - (Brazil)
Excellent website about plant nutrition, oriented to agricultural crops and forest species, such as Eucalyptus and Pinus. There are several articles on this topic to these two genus, have a look to download those you may wish.
http://www.nutricaodeplantas.agr.br/site/index.php
http://www.nutricaodeplantas.agr.br/site/culturas/eucalipto_pinusWebsite "Eucalyptus-Passion" - (France)
A recent website in English by Mr. Howard Lloyd. The aim is to promote the cold resistant Eucalyptus, a need to the weather conditions in Central Europe. You cannot miss the photo gallery, where you may see an Eucalyptus gunnii tree, completely covered by snow (and surviving to the minus 15ºC, according to Mr. Lloyd).
http://eucalyptus-passion.com/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1
http://eucalyptus-passion.com/index.php?option=com_easygallery&act=categories&cid=39&Itemid=92 (Photo gallery)Website "Prima Bio" - (United Kingdom)
Website created in the year 2000 by Mr. John Purse. The main activity of PrimaBio is the development (through tree breeding) of Eucalyptus species, including ornamental ones, to the weather conditions present at the United Kingdom. There is a well-noticed purpose to the diffusion of knowledge about the Eucalyptus to the European countries.
http://www.primabio.co.uk/index.htm
Curiosities and Oddities about the Eucalyptus
by Ester Foelkel
(http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/ester.html)
In this edition: The Eucalyptus used in Landscape Designing and GardeningEucalyptus wood is the prime raw material for many industrialized products such as furniture, wood panels, housing construction materials, pulp and paper, etc.. Eucalyptus trees have a social importance to all of these above mentioned utilizations, but their ornamental value is also getting stronger. Today, the Eucalyptus trees are demanded and admired in many parks and gardens all over the warm regions of the world. Even on some European and American cold places, some species of these trees are well used as ornamental too. The main reason for this usage is the same one rewarded by the factories using the Eucalyptus trees as industrial raw materials: they show fast growth rates, they do not lose the leaves in the winter, they have vegetative growth all over the year, and they also surpass in development many other tree species. On the gardening point of view, specially the fast growth Eucalyptus characteristic is desired to develop shadow and vegetation in a short period of time. Other well-appreciated characteristics of this genus for the landscape usage are the beauty of the trees, the colors, the bark, the flowers and the diversity of species that can have the same type of utilization.
There are Eucalyptus species with gorgeous big flowers and fruits. In some others, the leaves are impressively beautiful, with nice colors and ornamental textures. There are even some that the barks gets the attention on the landscape, which is desired for parks and gardens decoration. We should also remind that some Eucalyptus species show amazing smell that gets even more evident after some wind, by the balancing of the trees. The Eucalyptus flowers have also magnificent odor and colors, varying according to the species. This smell attracts pollinators bringing even more biodiversity and beauty to the place the trees are growing.
Medium high seedlings obtained from Eucalyptus seeds can be transplanted directly to the garden soil, or they can be placed in recipients such as containers or big size pots. This kind of Eucalyptus growing on vases reminds or can be defined as a type of macro-bonsai. The potted Eucalyptus plants require special treatments and cares, but if well done, they can even blossom and fructify, enlarging their beauty and consequently the place they are.
Other important aspect to remind about the Eucalyptus is the low tolerance they have to frost. Most of the species cannot be planted in rigorous winter regions. The Eucalyptus thermal limit is around 8 to –7 ° C for the ornamental red flowers species. The frequency of cold days is also a limiting factor for the Eucalyptus establishment. The higher the number of cold days the plant is submitted, the worst for the Eucalyptus adaptation and even surviving. Eucalyptus cold weather tolerant species are recommended in these cases. These are Eucalyptus pulverulenta, E. pleurocarpa, E.gunnii, E.caesia, etc.
The most important gardening Eucalyptus management practices are the following:
• Acquire good genetic quality seedlings, certified by special nurseries, disease and pest free. The first step and care to obtain the ideal gardening species is to buy them in reliable garden shops or nurseries.
• Another important factor is to choose the right place to transplant the Eucalyptus seedling. Finding the best place needs to be well-discussed and planned, avoiding places close to houses, walls and electric wires. Even medium size Eucalyptus plants are known to have vigorous root systems. The roots can damage streets, constructions and sideways if a previous designing and prevention measures are not taken. The precautions are worth for even bush size plants. They can also grow very fast.
• The Eucalyptus trees need direct sunlight to well develop. They have low tolerance to shadow environments or dark places. These points should be considered for choosing the planting location. The lack of direct sunshine could even contribute to some plant diseases and reduction on growing rate. Do not plant the Eucalyptus in flooded areas. If you believe that the Eucalyptus plants are to dry your swampy area, this is not going to happen. You may be condemning the plant to death from the incapable development of the root system on places without soil air.
• Spring and Summer are the recommended seasons for seedling transplantation. You need to avoid cold periods during plant establishment.
• Fertilizing the soil with macro and micro nutrient is desired. The Eucalyptus is considered sensitive to poor soils. They need nutrients in balanced and ideal quantities.
• Irrigation is needed for the seedlings specially on the hot and dry periods of the year.
• Pest control is another key-point. Specially to the ants. In some cases, if control is not taken, the seedling can even die.
• As the Eucalyptus plant grows, some management such as pruning and thinning may become recommended in gardening. They help to control the fast development, but also are important for the shape designing of the tree. Drastic pruning is considered one of the best ways to control plant growth. Most Eucalyptus species regrow by sprouting, so the pruning could even be done in high levels in the trunk.
• Some species of Eucalyptus or Corymbia can be already sold grafted or as clones. These kind of seedlings are more expensive, but they provide early flowering and better resistance to root diseases.
There is a large number of Eucalyptus species being used for landscape designs all over the world.
However, it is in Australia (Eucalyptus original homelands) that it’s possible to find the most common examples. In Australia, the common ornamental species are: Eucalyptus leucoxylon, Eucalyptus erythrocorys, Eucalyptus caesia, Eucalyptus youngiana, Eucalyptus multicaulis, Eucalyptus macrandra and Corymbia ficifolia.
In Brazil, there are three "Eucalyptus" species most used for ornamental purposes. They are: Corymbia ficifolia, Eucalyptus cinerea and Corymbia ptychocarpa. Corymbia citriodora is also commonly planted for the reason of the excellent leaves smell. Notice that most of the ornamental Eucalyptus planted in Brazil comes from the Corymbia genus, reclassified some years ago by the work of some taxonomists.
Corymbia (Eucalyptus) ficifolia – Also known as "Red Eucalyptus". It is a typical gardening species. Originated from the Western part of Australia, it is short in height (10 m), produces great number of big red flowers, but is very susceptible to frosts and cold weather. Depending on the weather, they can be substituted by the cold tolerant Eucalyptus leucoxylon.
Eucalyptus cinerea – In the USA it’s commonly named as "Silver Dollar Eucalyptus" because of the round-shaped leaves and because their bluish silver colors. In Australia this species is called "Blue Gum". Their leaves are, for sure, the most beautiful and ornamental part of the tree.
Corymbia (Eucalyptus) ptychocarpa – This species comes from the Australian North and Western regions, it has medium height and has little tolerance to cold weather. It develops under a thermal amplitude of 10 to 40 °C. Corymbia ptychocarpa also shows a beautiful and abundant red flowering.
Corymbia (Eucalyptus) citriodora – One of the most common Eucalyptus species. Known from the essential oil extracted by specialized industries from the leaves. This oil is used as prime material to manufacture soaps, perfumes, detergents and other cleaning products. In USA, the species is also known as Lemon Scented Gum.
Find out more information about the Eucalyptus species used as ornamental purposes in some selected websites. On these webpages you will know the gardening Eucalyptus characteristics, management and the required cares. You’ll be able to see wonderful pictures of these ornamental plants. One of the most rich and interesting websites aiming this subject is the one from our friend Gustavo Iglesias Trabado (GIT Forestry) with its blog "Eucalyptologics". It has a whole bunch of information about ornamental Eucalyptus. Use you time to navigate in the selection we have prepared to you.
http://git-forestry.com/ornamental/intrornamental.htm (Spanish)
http://git-forestry.com/ornamental/EucaliptosParaJardineria01.htm (Spanish)
http://git-forestry-blog.blogspot.com (English)
http://git-forestry-blog.blogspot.com/2007/09/container-grown-ornamental-eucalyptus.html (English)
http://git-forestry.com/OrnamentalEucalyptusWorldwideBUDS.htm (English)
http://git-forestry-blog.blogspot.com/2008/02/cold-hardy-pink-flowering-eucalyptus.html (English)
http://www.primabio.co.uk/ornamentals.htm (English)
http://zipcodezoo.com/Plants/C/Corymbia_citriodora.asp (English)
http://www.metrotrees.com.au/treehandbook/page-listings/corymbia-Eucalyptus-citriodora.html (English)
http://zipcodezoo.com/Plants/C/Corymbia_ficifolia.asp (English)
http://www.metrotrees.com.au/treehandbook/page-listings/corymbia-eucalyptus-ficifolia.html (English)
http://www.dierbergertropicais.com.br/luisbacher/albuns/arvores/pages/Eucalyptus%20ficifolia_jpg.htm (Portuguese)
http://dias-com-arvores.blogspot.com/2004/07/red-flowering-gum.html (Portuguese)
http://www.gardening.eu/plants/Masts/Eucalyptus-ficifolia/3359 (English)
http://zipcodezoo.com/Plants/C/Corymbia_ptychocarpa.asp (English)
http://gvcocks.homeip.net/PlantFamilies/Myrtaceae/Eucalyptus/ptychocarpa/eucalyptus_ptychocarpa.htm (English)
http://www.dierbergertropicais.com.br/luisbacher/albuns/arvores/pages/Eucalyptus%20Ptychocarpa_jpg.htm (Portuguese)
http://www.arbolesornamentales.com/Eucalyptuscinerea.htm (English)
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/factsheets/trees-new/eucalyptus_cinerea.html (English)
http://www.fotosearch.com.br/NGF006/73614637 (Portuguese)
http://asgap.org.au/APOL31/sep03-2.html (English)
http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Plant.asp?code=A509 (English)
http://www.abc.net.au/gardening/stories/s914096.htm (English)
http://www.actahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnr=630_9 (English)
http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Plant.asp?code=A509 (English)
http://www.backyardgardener.com/plantname/pda_85c0.html (English)
http://www.edirectory.co.uk/pf/880/mia/d/standard+gum+tree+eucalyptus+gunnii+plant/pid/4262180 (English)
http://www.english-country-garden.com/trees/eucalyptus.htm (English)
http://www.abc.net.au/gardening/stories/s2169749.htm (English)
http://www.gardenexpress.com.au/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=5069 (English)
http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=EUCI80 (English)
http://www.parkseed.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/StoreCatalogDisplay?storeId=10101&catalogId=10101&langId
=-1&mainPage=prod2working&ItemId=3179&cid=pext00008 (English)
http://www.australianwatergardener.com/print_page.asp?category=298&ID=620 (English)
http://www.treeworld.info/attachments/f29/42d1170110769-tree-roots-pipes
-se-water-australia-treeroots.pdf (English)
http://www.australianwineandbeer.com/natives/natives.htm (English)
http://www.casaecia.arq.br/arvoresl.htm (Portuguese)
http://www.fazendacitra.com.br/dierberger/content/view/40/34 (Portuguese)
http://www.dwpicture.com.au/picture.asp?image_number=72660&picture=
72660&cat=Flowers,%20Shrubs,%20Trees%20-%20E&cat2=
Flowers,%20Shrubs,%20Trees%20-%20E&cat3 (English)
Dr. Jose Luiz Stape
Dr. Jose Luiz Stape is one of the greatest names of the modern Brazilian silviculture. His scientific contribution about Eucalyptus plantations in terms of their physiology, management, carbon sinking and efficiency in using light, water and nutrients has been remarkable. Besides his considerable vocation for science, Dr. Stape is also a great educator, not only of his students at ESALQ/USP, but of agronomists, agricultural technicians and Society in general. He has always placed a strong emphasis on extension and education themes, thus making an important contribution for Society, enabling it to understand more and more about the Eucalyptus trees, their forests, their uses and the ways of minimizing impacts and optimizing performances.
Jose Luiz Stape was born in Tatui, State of Sao Paulo, in 1962. At present, at the age of 46, he is one of the greatest citizens of the worldwide Eucalyptus plantation forestry science. The support he receives from his family is fundamental for these accomplishments. His wife Luceni and his two sons, Thiago and Glauco, have much to be proud of, as they have played a major role, accompanying him and giving him forces and motivation for these achievements. Stape comes from a family who owned lands and had agricultural activities – hence his liking for agricultural matters. However, it was neither agronomy nor forest engineering his first attempt on university level in search of a professional career. Right in the beginning, he studied medicine at USP – University of Sao Paulo – for two years, until discovering that he had another vocation: the productive use of the land. For this reason, he moved to ESALQ - Agricultural College "Luiz de Queiroz", to study agronomy, where he graduated from in 1985. As he had identified himself much with the silvicultural activities, which even included a job in the forest area of Eucatex, he decided to add this to his curriculum. In only one year he completed at ESALQ the required courses that would allow him to be also forest engineer, having graduated in forest engineering in 1986.
Before starting his career as a university professor at the same ESALQ he had graduated from, he worked as forest research engineer for Eucatex and Ripasa, two forest-based companies in Brazil. At the latter he participated in one of the most renowned Brazilian silviculture teams, together with Nelson Barbosa Leite, Edson Balloni, Edson Martini, Arnaldo Salmeron, Ademir Cunha Bueno, Lineu Wadouski, Jose Zani Filho, Carlos Alberto Guerreiro and Pablo Vietz Garcia. It was really an important team, whose professionals have very much contributed to the success of the Brazilian Silviculture. During the time he has worked for Ripasa, he was given the authorization to take his course of Master Degree in Agronomy at ESALQ. He elected the area of Statistics and Agricultural Experiments, under the advising of the great professor Humberto de Campos. His master’s degree dissertation had the title "Uso do delineamento sistematico tipo leque no estudo de espacamentos florestais".
In 1992, he set up with his colleagues Jose Zani Filho and Carlos Alberto Guerreiro a forest consulting company – GSZ -, where he could be active as technical expert and entrepreneur. However, his real vocation was the academy, as well as research. In 1995, he participated in the public competition for the position of silviculture professor at ESALQ, occupying the vacancy left by our esteemed friend Dr. Joao Walter Simoes, who had retired. At ESALQ, from 1995 onwards, he has built his brilliant academic career with an enormous academic and scientific production.
Between 1998 and 2002, when he obtained his Ph.D., he did his doctorate studies at Colorado State University, in the United States of America, under Dr. Dan Binkley’s guidance. His option for that university was due to Dr. Binkley’s acknowledged competence in forest productivity and eco-physiology studies, including those concerning Eucalyptus, since he had experiments with the genus in Hawaii. He was co-oriented by Dr. Mark Ryan, another great name in this area of studies. His doctorate thesis had the title "Production ecology of clonal Eucalyptus plantations in Northeastern Brazil". This work became a scientific milestone in Eucalyptus plantation studies and has been a world reference about this theme, with thousands of citations and references. From 2002 onwards, with the know-how he succeeded in adding to the Eucalyptus plantation forestry, his career reached such a level of maturity, that he has been regularly invited to lectures, speeches, courses, events and articles in the most different regions of the world.
From that time on, his main lines of investigation have been:
• Planted forest silviculture;
• Eco-physiological forest system modeling with emphasis on practical model applications;
• Carbon sinking and allocation in forests (biomass);
• Planting spacing and thinning;
• Carbon sinking and carbon dynamics in the soil;
• Forest nutrition and fertilization;
• Water and nutrient transfer processes and balance;
• Forest regeneration models aiming at carbon sinking;
• Sewer sludge utilization in forest plantations as organic fertilizer;
• Forest restoration with native species (Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Pantanal), using the concepts developed for the forests planted with exotic species.His projects for the future include more advanced studies of Eucalyptus plantations in terms of modeling their growth and use of water, light and nutrients. He has also the purpose of developing edapho-climatic zonings for Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil, following the example of what was given in the past by our great master Dr. Lamberto Golfari in the 70's, but now encompassing the knowledge built up during these 30 years of silviculture in addition to that Dr. Golfari had available at that time.
Academically, professor Stape is a very successful professor, having been regularly paid homage to by the recent groups of ESALQ students about to graduate. Furthermore, he provides guidance not only to graduate students in their research works for dissertations and theses, but also undergraduate conclusion works, young researchers’ scientific initiation works, etc. Dozens of research papers under these circumstances are concerned. As to his scientific production, his contributions in terms of technical and scientific articles, lectures at events, interviews, columns, etc., etc., also amount to some hundreds. In short, a rich career as to knowledge creation, combined with its communication to Society, who definitively needs this. Exactly for this reason, the Brazilian forest sector greatly acknowledges what professor Stape has done and is doing for the sector. And for this very reason, I've asked Dr. Stape what he believes to have really added in value for this Brazilian planted forest sector. His answer was: "to contribute to the change of mind of the forest sector people, so that they do not think only about wood productivity in the planted forests, but about something much more comprehensive, the details of which must be still better discovered in terms of efficient use of water, light and nutrients. I believe that very soon it will be possible to make predictions about the whole forest ecosystem based on these indicators, so as to develop forest models which will allow producing wood in a much more efficient way and with lower impacts on the ecosystems."
At ESALQ and also via IPEF (Institute of Forest Researches and Studies), he has exerted himself very much with regard to teaching, research and extension projects that he coordinates or participates in as enthusiastic collaborator.
Among these projects, the following may be highlighted:
- Brazil Eucalyptus Potential Productivity (BEPP)
This is a cooperative research project of 2 universities (University of Sao Paulo – ESALQ - and Colorado State University), 8 forest companies (Aracruz Celulose, Cenibra, Copener Florestal, Internacional Paper, Suzano Bahia Sul Celulose, Votorantim Celulose e Papel, Veracel Celulose, V & M Florestal), IPEF, the Rocky Mountain Research Station of USDA Forest Service, CNPq and CIRAD/France. The companies have established the experimental areas between 2000 and 2004. The areas have on average five hectares with six treatments and use the specific genetic material (clone) of each company.
Get acquainted with further details about BEPP at:
http://lamar.colostate.edu/~binkley/Brazileucalyptus.htm
http://www.ipef.br/bepp
http://www.ipef.br/bepp/bepp.asp
BEPP has four lines of research guiding the working groups composed of the companies’ researchers and engineers and the university professors:
• Eucalyptus carbon balance;
• Use and efficiency of using natural resources by the Eucalyptus;
• Forest stratification and productivity in Eucalyptus;
• Eco-physiological modeling.- PTSM – IPEF’s Thematic Management and Silviculture Cooperative Program
http://www.ipef.br/ptsm
PTSM was started in 1995, with the purpose of studying the effects of the minimum soil cultivation on forest productivity and production sustainability. In 1995, as it was started, it was oriented to 3 forest companies partners. It has evolved and incorporated silviculture, forest mechanization and modeling areas. At present, it is composed of 14 forest companies partners, via IPEF-Institute of Forest Researches and Studies, and holds approximately 3 yearly meetings. PTSM’s scientific coordination is under the responsibility of ESALQ professors: Prof. Jose Leonardo de Moraes Goncalves; Prof. Jose Luiz Stape and Prof. Fernando Seixas.- TUME – Test of Multiple Use of Eucalyptus
http://www.tume.esalq.usp.br
http://www.esalq.usp.br/destaques.php?id=116
TUME means "Test of Multiple Use of Eucalyptus" and aims at generating knowledge and promoting Eucalyptus plantation forestry to small and medium-sized rural producers. Effectively implanted in 2002, the project is present in almost 100 rural estates. Due to climate and soil diversity in Brazil, the ample wide testing of Eucalyptus species is fundamental to evaluate their adaptability, growth and potential of use by rural producers. TUME is a creation and a dream of Professor Stape, who becomes delighted by the activities of extension to farmers. The project was started in 1995, in order that the rural farmers could know more about the different species of Eucalyptus. This would enable them to better choosing the most suitable one for their demands, planting them according to the environmental zoning of the farms. Thus, TUME uses over 20 species with wood potentials for: firewood, charcoal, pulp, fences, poles, boards, beams and furniture; and non-wood ones for: essential oil, honey, shiitake mushrooms, ornamental and gardening and windbreak. The species studied by TUME are E.benthamii, E.botryoides, E.camaldulensis, C.citriodora, E.cloeziana, E.deanei, E.deglupta, E.dunnii, E.grandis, C.maculata, E.microcorys, E.paniculata, E.pellita, E.phaeotricha, E.pilularis, E.propinqua, C.ptychocarpa, E.pyrocarpa, E.resinifera, E.robusta, E.saligna, E.tereticornis, C.torelliana, E.urophylla, E.viminalis and several hybrids.- Course LCF - 1581: Forest Resources in Rural Farms - oriented to the career of Agronomy at ESALQ/USP
http://naeg.prg.usp.br/relatorio/disciplina.phtml?id_disciplina=LCF1581
This course has a broad and eclectic view, destined to provide not only technical knowledge, but also to develop the vision of forestry as an alternative to the farmers. It is very useful to Society. I received the promise from Dr. Stape to have the course materials and hand-outs maintained available for downloading in his personal webpage (under construction): http://www.esalq.usp.br/lcf/~stape
In this website, Dr. Stape plans to offer his theses, articles, speeches, and a lot more.- Course and Meeting on Advances and Updates on Eucalyptus Plantations
This is a regular basis event coordinated by Dr. Stape, with the aim to update the knowledge about the plantation forestry on Eucalyptus. Please, have a look to the meeting/course program:
http://www.ipef.br/eventos/2007/eucaliptocultura7.asp
In case you may wish to know more about Dr. Jose Luiz Stape, we strongly suggest to navigate in some of the available curriculum vitae posted in Internet:
Platform of Curriculum CNPq Lattes Brazil
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4769549D3&tipo=completoUSP Atena systems
http://sistemas.usp.br:/atena/atnCurriculoLattesMostrar?codpes=915164ESALQ/USP Department of Forest Sciences Website
http://lcf.esalq.usp.br/docentes.asp
http://especialistas.usp.br/especialistas/especialistaObter?codpes=915164Professor Stape has, as seen, an enormous academic and scientific production, dozens of published articles, 8 book chapters, and a full book in partnership with his friend and colleague at ESALQ/USP Dr. Jose Leonardo de Moraes Goncalves. The title of this book, written in Portuguese is: "Conservacao e cultivo de solos para plantacoes florestais". Know it at:
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/livroconservacao
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/livroconservacao/capitulos.aspStape has also a software with co-authorship with Moises Rabelo de Azevedo for utilization in Eucalyptus silviculture: SoftBEPP. It consists in a software to storage, to process and to export data on climate, soil, biology, and physiology in the BEPP project.
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ipefnoticias/ipefnoticias175.pdfAlong his career, Dr. Stape has worked with several researchers in a world basis. His most frequent co-authors and scientific partners have been:
Dan Binkley:
http://lamar.colostate.edu/~binkley/research.htm
http://lamar.colostate.edu/~binkley/publications
http://www.colostate.edu
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/frws-home/index.phpMark G. Ryan:
http://lamar.colostate.edu/~mryan/
http://lamar.colostate.edu/~mryan/publications.htm
http://academic.evergreen.edu/projects/ican/research/researchers/CV_Ryan.pdf
Jose Leonardo de Moraes Goncalves:
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4786386H3&tipo=completo
Fabio Poggiani:
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4783527Y1
Jean Paul Laclau:
http://publications.cirad.fr/auteur.php?mat=1297
http://www.cirad.org.br/bresil_fr/recherche_et_developpement/
systemes_de_cultures_durables/eucalyptus_et_environnement
http://www.cirad.fr/ur/index.php/ecosystemes_plantations/
th_mes_de_recherche/focus_sur_les_projets/eucalyptus_au_bresil
http://www.cirad.org.br
http://www.cirad.org.br/content/download/696/4461/version/6/file/303br.pdfMy dear and esteemed friend Dr. Jose Luiz Stape, for the excellence of your technical, educational and scientific work, for your competence and dedication to the Eucalyptus forestry sector, please, accept the most sincere thanks from all the people who admire you.
Please, know more about Dr. Stape talented work though some of his major publications (thesis, dissertations, articles, speeches, lectures, etc.).• Ph.D. Thesis:
Production ecology of clonal Eucalyptus plantations in Northeastern Brazil. J.L.Stape. Ph.D. Thesis. Colorado State University. 237 pp. (2002)
http://www.ipef.br/servicos/teses/arquivos/stape,jl.pdf• Technical and scientific articles (also included some of Dr. Stape's graduate students dissertations and theses):
Production and carbon allocation in a clonal Eucalyptus plantation with water and nutrient manipulations. J.L.Stape; D.Binkley; M.G.Ryan. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 920 – 930. (2008)
http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2008_stape_j001.pdfInfluencia do desbaste e da fertilizacao no deslocamento da medula e rachadura de tora de Eucalyptus grandis. I.L. Lima; J.N.Garcia; J.L.Stape. Cerne 13(2): 170 – 177. (2007)
http://www.dcf.ufla.br/cerne/Revistav13n2-2007/06%20artigo%20397.pdfCaracterizacao ecofisiologica de especies nativas da Mata Atlantica sob dois niveis de estresse induzidos pelo manejo florestal em area de restauracao florestal no estado de Sao Paulo. C.M.I.Servin. Ph.D. Thesis. ESALQ/USP. 95 pp. (2007)
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-05092007-140157Ganhos de produtividade de plantacoes clonais de Eucalyptus urophylla e suas correlacoes com variaveis edafoclimaticas e silviculturais. J.M.A.Ferreira. Master Dissertation. ESALQ-USP. 85 pp. (2007)
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-09052007-165212Control of production and carbon allocation in Eucalyptus. M.Ryan; D.Binkley; J.L.Stape. Symposium IUFRO "Eucalypts and diversity: balancing productivity and sustainability". PowerPoint presentation: 24 slides. (2007)
http://www.iufrodurban.org.za/Presentations/Monday/MichaelRyanIUFRO2007Durban.pdfDiferenca na alocacao de uma reserva legal de criterios ambientais versus uma de criterios tecnico-economicos com o uso de ferramentas de SIG. P.G.Molin; J.L.Stape. Anais XIII Simposio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto. p.: 1749 – 1756. (2007)
http://209.85.165.104/search?q=cache:gXmyKy5CFL4J:marte.dpi.inpe.br/col/
dpi.inpe.br/sbsr%4080/2006/11.14.20.03/doc/1749-1756.pdf+stape+pdf
+eucalyptus&hl=pt-BR&ct=clnk&cd=83&gl=brEfeito do desbaste e da fertilizacao nas tensoes de crescimento em Eucalyptus grandis. I.L.Lima; J.N.Garcia; J.L.Stape; S.M.S.Piedade. Scientia Forestalis 70: 171 – 183. (2006)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr70/cap17.pdfAvaliacao da sustentabilidade nutricional de plantio de Pinus taeda usando um balanco de entrada-saida de nutrientes. J.C.M.Bizon. Master Dissertation. ESALQ/USP. 96 pp. (2006)
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-22102007-092659Fisiologia e crescimento florestal. J.L.Stape. IPEF Seminar "Integracao e Atualizacao Tecnica em Floresta Plantada". PowerPoint presentation: 71 slides. (2006)
http://www.ipef.br/eventos/2006/integracao/Palestra02.pdfTree-girdling to separate root and heterotrophic respiration in two Eucalyptus stands in Brazil. D. Binkley; J.L.Stape; E.N. Takahashi; M.G. Ryan. Oecologia 148: 447 – 454. (2006)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/Oecologia_2006_Girdle.pdfA twin-plot approach to determine nutrient limitation and potential productivity in Eucalyptus plantations at landscape scales in Brazil. J.L.Stape; D.Binkley; W.S.Jacob; E.N. Takahashi. Forest Ecology and Management 223: 358 – 362. (2006)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/FEM_2006_TwinPlot.pdfZonas edafoclimaticas aptas para especies forestales bajo escenarios de cambio climatico: um estudio de caso en Costa Rica. A.P.C.Ferez; J.L.Stape; M.R.Vallejos; P.Imbach. Informe ESALQ/CATIE. 32 pp. (2006)
http://www.catie.ac.cr/BancoMedios/Documentos%20PDF/Cervi,%20A.P.
%202006.%20Zonas%20edafoclim%C3%A1ticas%20aptas%20para
%20especies%20forestales.pdfAplicacao de metodos geoestatisticos para identificacao de dependencia espacial na analise de dados de um experimento em delineamento sistematico tipo "leque". M.L.Oda. Master Dissertation. ESALQ/USP. 88 pp. (2005)
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11134/tde-22082005-135811/publico/MelissaOda.pdfErosao hidrica e desenvolvimento inicial do Eucalyptus grandis em um argissolo vermelho amarelo submetido a diferentes metodos de preparo do solo no Vale do Paraiba – SP. M.C.P.Wichert. Master Dissertation. ESALQ/USP. 84 pp. (2005)
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-06012006-170804Growth, yield and system performance simulation of a sugarcane-Eucalyptus interface in a sub-tropical region of Brazil. L.F.G.Pinto; M.S.Bernardes; J.L.Stape; A.R.Pereira. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 105(1/2): 77 – 86. (2005)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T3Y-4D3WHCW-
3&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221
& _version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=25af9763a3f4fd45ad71859edcddfc09Sustainable management of Eucalyptus plantations in a changing world. D.Binkley; J.L.Stape. IUFRO Congress "Eucalyptus in a Changing World". Aveiro. 7 pp. (2004)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/PortugalSustain.pdfThinking about efficiency and resource use in forests. D. Binkley; J.L. Stape; M.G. Ryan. Forest Ecology and Management 193: 05 – 16. (2004)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/FEM_193_Efficiency.pdf
http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2004_binkley_d001.pdfWater use, water limitation, and water use efficiency in a Eucalyptus plantation. J.L. Stape; D. Binkley; M.G. Ryan; A.N. Gomes. Bosque 25(2): 35 – 41. (2004)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/Bosque_2004.pdfTesting the utility of the 3-PG model for growth of Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla with natural and manipulated supplies of water and nutrients. J.L. Stape; M.G. Ryan; D. Binkley. Forest Ecology and Management 193: 219 – 234. (2004)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/FEM_193_3PG.pdf
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/9293Eucalyptus production and the supply, use and efficiency of use of water, light and nitrogen across a geographic gradient in Brazil. J.L.Stape; D.Binkley; M.G.Ryan. Forest Ecology and Management 193: 17 – 31. (2004)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/FEM_193_Gradient.pdf
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/FEM_Stape_1b.pdfAssessing nutritional and climate limitations to the productivity of Eucalyptus plantations at larger spatial and temporal scales using a simple paired-plot design coupled to traditional inventory network. J.L.Stape; J.M.Alvez; E.Takahashi; W.Franciscate; W.Jacob. IUFRO Congress "Eucalyptus in a Changing World". Aveiro. 2 pp. (2004)
http://www.ipef.br/silvicultura/Stape_Parcelas_Gemeas_IUFRO_2004.pdfWater and nutrient interplay and forest productivity in the tropics. J.L.M.Goncalves; J.L.Stape; J.P.Laclau; M.C.P.Wichert. Symposium "Forest Soils under Global and Local Changes: from research to practice". PowerPoint presentation: 66 slides. (2004)
http://www.pierroton.inra.fr/IEFC/manifestations/soilsymposium2004/LeonardoGoncalves.pdfSilvicultural effects on the productivity and wood quality of Eucalyptus plantations. J.L.M.Goncalves; J.L.Stape; J.P.Laclau; P.Smethurst; J.L.Gava. Forest Ecology and Management 193: 45 – 61 (2004)
http://publications.cirad.fr/une_notice.php?dk=520514
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T6X-4BWYDX1-4
& _user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221
& _version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=a04e232c5c11d46f000b0d046bbe9776Plantios florestais em outros paises. J.L.Stape. II Seminario Nacional Plantacoes Florestais. AMDA. (2003)
http://www.amda.org.br/assets/files/34STAPE.zipAge-related decline in forest ecosystem growth: an individual-tree, stand-structure hypothesis. D.Binkley; J.L.Stape; M.G.Ryan; H.R.Barnard; H.Fownes. Ecosystems 5: 58 – 67. (2002)
http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/~dan/papers/Ecosystems_5_2002.pdfResource manipulation of the carbon budget of Eucalyptus plantation. J.L.Stape; D.Binkley, M.Ryan. ESA 2002 Annual Meeting. Full Abstract. (2002)
http://abstracts.co.allenpress.com/pweb/esa2002/document/4611Geographic gradient in resource use efficiency in Eucalyptus plantations. D.Binkley; J.L.Stape; M.Ryan. ESA 2002 Annual Meeting. Full Abstract. (2002)
http://abstracts.co.allenpress.com/pweb/esa2002/document/14766Relationships between nursery practices and field performance for Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. J.L.Stape; J.L.M.Goncalves; A.N.Goncalves. New Forests 22(1/2): 19 – 41. (2001)
http://www.springerlink.com/content/p3551g0360132146Indicadores de sustentabilidade das plantacoes florestais. F.Poggiani; J.L.Stape; J.L.M.Goncalves. IPEF Technical Series 12(31): 33 – 44. (1998)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/stecnica/nr31/cap3.pdfPlanejamento global e normatizado de procedimentos operacionais da talhadia simples em Eucalyptus. J.L.Stape. IPEF Technical Series 11(30): 51 – 62. (1997)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/stecnica/nr30/cap5.pdfResultados experimentais da fase de emissao da brotacao em Eucalyptus manejados por talhadia. F.R.A.Camargo; C.P.Silva; J.L.Stape. IPEF Technical Series 11(30): 115 – 122. (1997)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/stecnica/nr30/cap11.pdfManejo de brotacao de Eucalyptus spp: resultados tecnico-operacionais. J.L.Stape; J.C.Madachi; D.D. Bacacicci; M.C.Oliveira; IPEF Technical Report 183. 13 pp. (1993)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr183.pdfDefinicao do periodo e localizacao da cobertura de Eucalyptus grandis em funcoes da dinamica do crescimento radicular. J.L.Stape. IPEF Technical Report 174: 1 – 6. (1990)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr174.pdfViveiros de mudas florestais. Analise de um sistema operacional atual e perspectivas futuras. J.Zani Filho; E.A.Balloni; J.L.Stape. IPEF Technical Report 168. 20 pp. (1989)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr168.pdfO uso de residuos da industria de celulose como insumo na producao florestal. J.L.Stape; E.A.Balloni. IPEF 40: 33 – 37. (1988)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr40/cap05.pdfVariacao dos teores de alburno e de cerne em arvores de clones de Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla irrigadas e fertilizadas. M.Tomazello; R.Moya; J.T.S.Oliveira; J.L.Stape. (undated and without reference of source)
http://www.iufro.org/uploads/media/t2-tomazello-mario-et-al-prop-mad-euc.docAvaliacao da qualidade do plantio dos testes do uso multiplo do eucalipto (TUME) atraves do indice de sobrevivencia com 1 ano. C.Z.Souza; C.A.P.Lobato; A.R.Vergani; J.L.Stape. Semana de Iniciacao Cientifica USP. 1 pp. (undated)
http://www.usp.br/siicusp/15Siicusp/3696.pdfCarbon allocation in forest systems. M.Ryan; C.Litton; D.Binkley; J.L.Stape; C.Giardina. Rocky Mountain Research Station. PowerPoint presentation: 35 slides. (undated )
