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Editorial

I'm very happy to bring to you the first number of the Newsletter responsible for hosting and taking to you the chapters of Eucalyptus Online Book & Newsletter. Alternatively, you may find them at the address (http://www.eucalyptus.com.br).

In this issue we are introducing for your reading and free download the first chapter of the Online Book, titled:

"Bark of the eucalyptus trees: considerations about morphology, physiology, forestry, ecology and pulping & papermaking" (available only in Portuguese till now. English version will come late 2005)

The Newsletter has also technical references, short articles, and recommended links. They are all related to the fantastic eucalyptus and their utilizations. This will be the dynamics of the Newsletters: keeping you well-informed and updated about the eucalyptus. I hope you may like what we are offering.

Just in case you are not registered yet to receive the Newsletter, do it immediately. There are no costs involved. Please, use the short cut Click here to register

In case you may have any technical question, please go to the section "Ask the Euca X Pert" or, if you prefer to debate the subject of this just released chapter, you have a forum to do it at the "virtual communities for debates"

Thanks for your attention and preference

Celso Foelkel
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br
http://www.eucalyptus.com.br

In this Edition:

Chapter of the Eucalyptus Online Book
"Bark of the eucalyptus trees: considerations about morphology, physiology, forestry, ecology and pulping & papermaking"

Technical Reference in the Virtual Literature
"Refining and improved paper machine runnability"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2004


"Introduction to control in the refining process"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2002


Bibliographic Sources
Book: Nutrição e Fertilização Florestal
Jose Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves and Vanderlei Benedetti
IPEF (2000)

CD: The World of Market Pulp
Hiroki Nanko, Dave Hillman and Alan Button
Third Edition (2005)


Euca-links
1. Introduction to the Eucalyptus
2. Check-list de espécies de Eucalyptus
(Check list of Eucalyptus species)

Technical mini-article by Celso Foelkel
Flash drying as a process to differentiate market pulps

Chapter of the Eucalyptus Online Book

"Bark of the eucalyptus trees: considerations about morphology, physiology, forestry, ecology and pulping & papermaking"(available only in Portuguese till now - 1,5 Mb , in PDF format. English version will come late 2005)

Celso Foelkel (June 2005)

<< click to download Adobe Acrobat Reader - free download.


Technical Reference in the Virtual Literature

"Refining and improved paper machine runnability"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2004
http://tappsa.co.za/archive2/APPW_2004/Title2004/Refining_and_improved/refining_and_improved.html

Technical Association of the Pulp & Paper Industry of Southern Africa

Summary: The author discusses ways to improve refining performance and paper machine operational efficiency. Several tips are presented for better refiner cares and adjustments. The reflexes on the pulp quality are also evaluated.

"Introduction to control in the refining process"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2002


Technical Association of the Pulp & Paper Industry of Southern Africa

http://tappsa.co.za/archive/APPW2002/Title/Control_in_the_refining_proces/control_in_the_refining_proces.html

Summary: Today, the control of the refining operation may be performed by more sophisticated procedures. Some of these controls are very important to improve specific refining parameters as applied and consumed energy, refining intensity, and pulp quality.


Bibliographic Source

Book: Nutrição e Fertilização Florestal
Jose Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves and Vanderlei Benedetti
IPEF (2000)

Some recommended chapters: "Evaluation of the nutritional status of eucalypts: visual and foliar diagnoses and their interpretation" (R.L.V.A. Silveira, E. N. Higashi, A. N. Goncalves, A. Moreira); "Sampling techniques and nutritional evaluations in eucalypt plantations" (A.F.J. Bellote, H.D.Silva); "Nursery fertilization for the production of eucalypt and pine seedlings" (S.V. Valeri, L. Corradini); "Nutritional monitoring and fertilization in clonal macro- mini-, and microgardens " (E.N. Higashi, R.L.V.A. Silveira, A.N. Goncalves) ; "Mineral fertilizer recommendations for eucalypt plantations" (N.F. Barros, J.C.L. Neves, R.F. Novaes)

This book has an English edition , issued in 2004, entitled "Forest Nutrition and Fertilization".

Those interested in purchasing the book, please go to the IPEF website -www.ipef.br

Bibliographic Source

CD: The World of Market Pulp
Hiroki Nanko, Dave Hillman and Alan Button ( 2005)

The World of Market Pulp consists in an excellent review for market pulps. The content of the CD includes valuable technical and marketing informations, with photos, articles, data and detailed explanations about: retrospect of the industry; selection, evaluation and interpretation of the market pulp properties; main features and utilizations; the most important fibrous raw materials, and a lot more. The electronic book places a great emphasis on Eucalyptus. An annex about the silviculture of Eucalyptus by Celso Foelkel is part of the contents. For further details go to the website www.worldofmarketpulp.com

Euca Links

1. Introduction to the Eucalyptus

>> http://www.anbg.gov.au/projects/eucalypts

Excelent website presented by the Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research and by the Australian National Botanic Garden, both from Australia. In this address you are able to find a lot of information about the eucalyptus, photos, drawings and links to some data base. It worth to visit it!

2. Check-list de espécies de Eucalyptus (Check list of Eucalyptus species, in Portuguese)

Special Key for Species Identification presented by IPEF - Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais from ESALQ/USP, at the following address:

>> http://www.ipef.br/identificacao/cief/lista.asp

Here, you may know several botanic, silvicultural and taxonomic details of many Eucalyptus species. Go to navigate. It pays!


Technical mini-article by Celso Foelkel

Flash drying as a process to differentiate market pulps

There are several ways to dry the pulp to sell it to the market. The most usual are those related to dry the pulp sheets in an air bed dryer or in a multi-cylinder drying section, as a conventional paper machine. Some few decades ago, another process to dry pulp gained room: the flash dryers. This process is based on an instant drying of small flocks of well-squeezed pulp. The flocks with consistency around 50% are forced to fly in a hot air flow. Flocks are obtained by pressing the pulp followed by a shredding device. The consequences of these actions are fiber deformations, such as curling and kinking. During flash drying, the deformations are further increased due to the spiral deposition of the cellulose fibrils in the fiber cell wall. The result is a pulp harder to be refined, better drainage in the wet end of the paper machine, and paper sheets with increased porosity, water absorption and bulk. These differences may as high as 10 - 15% in relation to other drying mechanisms, depending on the fibrous raw materials and on the intensity of the drying conditions. Eucalyptus pulps dried in such way are well suited to the manufacture of decor, industrial filter and tissue papers. Porosity and softness are enhanced by this drying process. However, nothing is perfect. The associated inconvenient is that pulps are more difficult to be re-slushed and fiber bundles remain without fiber individualization. In the manufacture of printing papers, a defect known as fish eyes becomes frequent. It consists in bundles of fibers collapsed by the calendering of paper. Because the higher density of these areas with more fibers, these regions are glossy and they have lower opacity, and are more transparent. This defect was the main reason for gradual discarding of this interesting technology in the pulp business. However, with the need to differentiate pulp in the competitive market, flash drying may come as an interesting alternative to pulp makers. In addition, it is a very efficient and performant technology.

Technical coordination - Celso Foelkel
celso@celso-foelkel.com.br
Webmaster / editing - Alessandra Foelkel
Celsius Degree: Phone (+55-51) 3338-4809
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