Editorial
I'm very
happy to bring to you the first number of the Newsletter responsible
for hosting
and taking to you the chapters of Eucalyptus Online Book & Newsletter.
Alternatively, you may find them at the address (http://www.eucalyptus.com.br).
In this issue we are introducing for your reading and free download
the first chapter of the Online Book, titled:
"Bark
of the eucalyptus trees: considerations about morphology, physiology,
forestry, ecology and pulping & papermaking" (available
only in Portuguese till now. English version will come late
2005)
The Newsletter has also technical references, short articles, and recommended
links. They are all related to the fantastic eucalyptus and their utilizations.
This will be the dynamics of the Newsletters: keeping you well-informed
and updated about the eucalyptus. I hope you may like what we are offering.
Just in case you are not registered yet to receive the Newsletter,
do it immediately. There are no costs involved. Please, use the short
cut Click here to register
In case
you may have any technical question, please go to the section "Ask
the Euca X Pert" or, if you prefer
to debate the subject of this just released chapter, you have a forum
to do it
at the "virtual
communities for debates"
Thanks for your attention and preference
Celso Foelkel
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br
http://www.eucalyptus.com.br
In
this Edition:
Chapter
of the Eucalyptus Online Book
"Bark
of the eucalyptus trees: considerations about morphology, physiology,
forestry, ecology and pulping & papermaking"
Technical
Reference in the Virtual Literature
"Refining
and improved paper machine runnability"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2004
"Introduction
to control in the refining process"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2002
Bibliographic
Sources
Book:
Nutrição e Fertilização Florestal
Jose
Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves and Vanderlei Benedetti
IPEF (2000)
CD: The World of Market
Pulp
Hiroki Nanko, Dave Hillman and Alan Button
Third Edition
(2005)
Euca-links
1.
Introduction to the Eucalyptus
2.
Check-list de espécies de Eucalyptus (Check
list of Eucalyptus species)
Technical mini-article by
Celso Foelkel
Flash
drying as a process to differentiate market pulps
Chapter
of the Eucalyptus Online Book
"Bark
of the eucalyptus trees: considerations about morphology,
physiology, forestry, ecology and pulping & papermaking"(available
only in Portuguese till now - 1,5 Mb , in PDF format. English
version will come late 2005)
Celso Foelkel (June 2005)
<<
click to download Adobe Acrobat Reader - free download.
Technical
Reference in the Virtual Literature
"Refining
and improved paper machine runnability"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2004
http://tappsa.co.za/archive2/APPW_2004/Title2004/Refining_and_improved/refining_and_improved.html
Technical
Association of the Pulp & Paper Industry of Southern Africa
Summary: The author discusses ways to improve refining performance
and paper machine operational efficiency. Several tips are presented
for better refiner cares and adjustments. The reflexes on the pulp
quality are also evaluated.
"Introduction
to control in the refining process"
Colin Baker - African Pulp and Paper Week 2002
Technical
Association of the Pulp & Paper Industry of Southern Africa
http://tappsa.co.za/archive/APPW2002/Title/Control_in_the_refining_proces/control_in_the_refining_proces.html
Summary: Today, the control of the refining operation may be performed
by more sophisticated procedures. Some of these controls are very
important to improve specific refining parameters as applied and
consumed energy, refining intensity, and pulp quality.
Bibliographic
Source
Book:
Nutrição e Fertilização Florestal
Jose
Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves and Vanderlei Benedetti
IPEF (2000)
Some
recommended chapters: "Evaluation of the nutritional status
of eucalypts: visual and foliar diagnoses and their interpretation" (R.L.V.A.
Silveira, E. N. Higashi, A. N. Goncalves, A. Moreira); "Sampling
techniques and nutritional evaluations in eucalypt plantations" (A.F.J.
Bellote, H.D.Silva); "Nursery fertilization for the production of
eucalypt and pine seedlings" (S.V. Valeri, L. Corradini); "Nutritional
monitoring and fertilization in clonal macro- mini-, and microgardens " (E.N.
Higashi, R.L.V.A. Silveira, A.N. Goncalves) ; "Mineral fertilizer
recommendations for eucalypt plantations" (N.F. Barros, J.C.L.
Neves, R.F. Novaes)
This book has an
English edition , issued in 2004, entitled "Forest
Nutrition and Fertilization".
Those interested in purchasing the book, please go to the IPEF website
-www.ipef.br
Bibliographic
Source
CD: The World of Market Pulp
Hiroki Nanko, Dave Hillman and Alan Button ( 2005)
The
World of Market Pulp consists in an excellent review for market pulps.
The content of the CD includes valuable technical and marketing
informations, with photos, articles, data and detailed explanations
about: retrospect of the industry; selection, evaluation and interpretation
of the market pulp properties; main features and utilizations; the
most
important fibrous raw materials, and a lot more. The electronic book
places a great emphasis on Eucalyptus. An annex about the silviculture
of Eucalyptus by Celso Foelkel is part of the contents. For further
details go to the website www.worldofmarketpulp.com
Euca
Links
1. Introduction to the Eucalyptus
>>
http://www.anbg.gov.au/projects/eucalypts
Excelent
website presented by the Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research and
by the Australian National Botanic Garden, both from Australia. In
this address you are able to find a lot of information about the
eucalyptus, photos, drawings and links to some data base. It worth
to visit it!
2.
Check-list de espécies de Eucalyptus (Check
list of Eucalyptus species, in Portuguese)
Special
Key for Species Identification presented by IPEF - Instituto de Pesquisas
e Estudos Florestais from ESALQ/USP, at the following address:
>>
http://www.ipef.br/identificacao/cief/lista.asp
Here,
you may know several botanic, silvicultural and taxonomic details
of many Eucalyptus species. Go to navigate. It pays!
Technical
mini-article by Celso Foelkel
Flash
drying as a process to differentiate market pulps
There are several ways to dry the pulp to sell it
to the market. The most usual are those related to dry the pulp sheets
in an air bed dryer or in a multi-cylinder drying section, as a conventional
paper machine. Some few decades ago, another process to dry pulp gained
room: the flash dryers. This process is based on an instant drying
of small flocks of well-squeezed pulp. The flocks with consistency
around 50% are forced to fly in a hot air flow. Flocks are obtained
by pressing the pulp followed by a shredding device. The consequences
of these actions are fiber deformations, such as curling and kinking.
During flash drying, the deformations are further increased due to
the spiral deposition of the cellulose fibrils in the fiber cell wall.
The result is a pulp harder to be refined, better drainage in the wet
end of the paper machine, and paper sheets with increased porosity,
water absorption and bulk. These differences may as high as 10 - 15%
in relation to other drying mechanisms, depending on the fibrous raw
materials and on the intensity of the drying conditions. Eucalyptus
pulps dried in such way are well suited to the manufacture of decor,
industrial filter and tissue papers. Porosity and softness are enhanced
by this drying process. However, nothing is perfect. The associated
inconvenient is that pulps are more difficult to be re-slushed and
fiber bundles remain without fiber individualization. In the manufacture
of printing papers, a defect known as fish eyes becomes frequent. It
consists in bundles of fibers collapsed by the calendering of paper.
Because the higher density of these areas with more fibers, these regions
are glossy and they have lower opacity, and are more transparent. This
defect was the main reason for gradual discarding of this interesting
technology in the pulp business. However, with the need to differentiate
pulp in the competitive market, flash drying may come as an interesting
alternative to pulp makers. In addition, it is a very efficient and
performant technology.
Technical
coordination - Celso Foelkel
celso@celso-foelkel.com.br
Webmaster / editing - Alessandra Foelkel
Celsius Degree: Phone (+55-51) 3338-4809
Copyright © 2005-2006
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