Editorial
Dear friends,
Good morning, my dear Eucalyptus friends. Here we
are again, with the 13th issue of our Eucalyptus Newsletter. In this
edition, we are
again bringing a lot of information and knowledge about these wonderful
trees and their utilization. I hope you enjoy them.
In the section "The
Friends of the Eucalyptus", we are telling
to you the professional life, scientific production, and career of
one of the major icons of the Silviculture and Pulp and Paper Science
in Brazil, our dear friend Dr. Luiz Ernesto George Barrichelo. I know
professor Barrichelo since my times of agronomy student at ESALQ/USP,
when I worked under his advising and tutorship. As a consequence, to
tell you about professor Barrichelo and his achievements is a source
of happiness to me. I know him very well, and I have a great admiration
for his talent, dedication and faith in what he believes. I'm very
proud and happy to have had the chance to introduce him to you in this
issue of the Eucalyptus Newsletter.
In this issue of our newsletter,
we are bringing something new. Thanks to my dear friends from Appita,
the Technical Association of the Australia
and New Zealand Pulp and Paper Industry, it was made possible to create
this section. In it, we are to receive fresh news about the Eucalyptus,
straight from their homelands. That is the reason the section has been
named "News from the Eucalyptus Homelands". Our most sincere
thanks to Appita, helping in the diffusion of the knowledge about the
Eucalyptus.
In
this issue, we are also bringing to you the seventh chapter of our
Eucalyptus Online Book. The title
of this chapter, in
its English version,
is: "ECO-EFFICIENT
MANAGEMENT OF WOODY FOREST RESIDUES FROM THE EUCALYPTUS PLANTATION
FORESTRY".
In the Ester Foelkel's section
about "Curiosities and Oddities
about the Eucalyptus" she is telling us about the wonder of the
Eucalyptus trees and forests inspiring many artists to create art masterpieces
based on the emotions of interacting with them.
The mini-article in
this edition deals with "The Eucalyptus and the Eco-labels". This is a source of enormous opportunities to
the forest products using the Eucalyptus, no matter if pulp, paper,
essential oils, furniture, etc. The Brazilian forest sector is already
very active in the FSC and CERFLOR forest certification schemes. These
certifications help to guarantee that the forest operations are based
on environmentally and socially sound techniques and cares. They may
also guarantee the chain of custody of the forest products (traceability
of the wood source as being produced in certified forests). However,
there are also other opportunities, as the type I green labels, to
bring extra strengths to the image and performance of the industrial
segment based on the Eucalyptus.
As we are used to do, in this newsletter
issue, we are bringing a lot of interesting subjects about the Eucalyptus.
The purpose is to offer
knowledge in a way that you may learn more, and to enjoy doing such.
For this, we are forcing you, in some extent, to navigate the web
to grab as much on good information as possible. We also offer good
articles,
and recommendations of books and interesting events.
In case you are
not registered yet to receive free-of-charge the Eucalyptus
Newsletter and the chapters of the Eucalyptus
Online Book, I suggest
you to do it through the following link: Click
here for registration.
We
have now several non financial supporting partners to the Eucalyptus
Online Book & Newsletter: TAPPI, IPEF, SIF, CeluloseOnline, CETCEP/SENAI,
RIADICYP, TECNICELPA, ATCP Chile, Appita, CENPAPEL, TAPPSA, SBS, ANAVE,
AGEFLOR and EMBRAPA FLORESTAS. They are helping to disseminate our
efforts in favor of the Eucalyptus in countries as Brazil, USA, Chile,
Portugal, Colombia, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
However, thanks to the world wide web, in reality they are helping
to promote our project to the entire world. Thanks very much to our
partners for believing in what we are doing.
Know more about all of our today’s partners at the URL address:
http://www.eucalyptus.com.br/partners.html
Thanks again for the support
to our work. We have just now reached the 5,000 registered people receiving
these online publications about
the Eucalyptus. Even so, I beg your help to inform about and to promote
our project to your friends , in case you feel these publications may
be helpful to them. Please, accept my personal thanks, and also the
gratitude from CELSIUS DEGREE, ABTCP, BOTNIA, ARACRUZ, INTERNATIONAL
PAPER DO BRASIL, CONESTOGA-ROVERS & ASSOCIATES , SUZANO and from
the supporting partners.
Our best wishes to all of you, and please
enjoy your reading.
Celso Foelkel
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br
http://www.eucalyptus.com.br
http://www.abtcp.org.br
In
this edition
Eucalyptus
Online Book Chapter 7 (in English)
Online
Technical References
References
on Events and Courses
Euca-Links
Curiosities
and Oddities about the Eucalyptus: The Eucalyptus Inspiring Arts
New
Section: News from the Eucalyptus Homelands (a cooperation
from Appita)
The
Friends of the Eucalyptus - Dr. Luiz Ernesto George Barrichelo
Technical
mini-article by Celso Foelkel
The
Eucalyptus and the Eco-labels
Eucalyptus
Online Book Chapter 7 (in English)
For downloading
the chapter (in Adobe pdf - 6.6 MB) just click the name of the chapter.
In case you do not have the Adobe Reader installed in your computer,
please visit http://www.eucalyptus.com.br/available.html and find the
instructions how to get it.
"ECO-EFFICIENT
MANAGEMENT OF WOODY FOREST RESIDUES FROM THE EUCALYPTUS PLANTATION
FORESTRY"
Online
Technical References
In
this section, we are offering some very good euca-links with relevant
publications available in the virtual world wide web library. You
have only to click the URLs addresses to open the documents and/or
to save them. Since they are references, we are not responsible for
the opinion of the corresponding authors. However, believe me, they
are valuable references that should be watched carefully, since they
are very much connected with the Eucalyptus. In this section, we
are trying to balance recent and historical publications, those that
are helping to build the foundations and the history of the Eucalyptus forestry, environment, industrial utilization, and many other areas
related to these magic trees.
"Eucalyptus globulus - Wood Applications" - (Spanish and English)
A publication very well edited by the Centro de Innovacion e Servizos Tecnoloxicos
da Madeira, Galicia, Spain. The authors are M.C.Touza Vazquez and O.Gonzales
Prieto. We have 42 pages containing beautiful illustrations and texts explaining
the utilization of this fantastic wood for furniture's, floors, housing, structures,
etc.
http://www.cismadera.com/castelan/downloads/eucaliptoweb.pdf
"Eucalypt
Domestication and Breeding" - (English)
One of the fundamental textbooks about the genetic breeding of the
Eucalyptus. It was written by Ken Eldridge, published on 1994, and
now, the book has been made available for reading by Google Books.
Take a chance to read the excellent concepts presented by Dr. Eldridge
about : breeding strategies, selection of species and progenies, improved
seed production, vegetative propagation, opportunities for new frontiers
in the Eucalyptus forest breeding, etc.
http://books.google.com/books?id=XrKmcLpu1DsC&printsec=frontcover&hl=pt-BR
"Hardwoods Wood Products Utilization" -
(English)
A publication showing the increasing potential for the utilization
of hardwoods as source of woods to the wood markets. Edited in 1987,
by the U.S. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station.
http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr100/psw_gtr100_005.pdf
"Growing Eucalyptus for
Timber, Poles and Firewood" - (English)
A guidebook about forest technologies and operational cares in producing
Eucalyptus trees in plantation forests. The handbook has been created
to orient the farmers in Uganda to produce Eucalyptus wood as source
of material for timber, poles, furniture and firewood. Edited by the
Sawlog Production Grant Scheme (http://www.sawlog.ug)
http://www.sawlog.ug/downloads/Guideline%20No.09&10%20-%20Growing%20Eucalypts.pdf
"Hand-outs
about Seed and Seedling Production" - (Portuguese)
Professor Lauri Amandio Schorn and his team at the Regional University
of Blumenau are offering to us an excellent set of hand-outs describing
the production of forest seeds and seedlings. Please, navigate in the
following links to know all the material:
http://home.furb.br/lschorn/silvi/1/FORMA%c7%c3O%20DA%20SEMENTE.doc
(Seed formation)
http://home.furb.br/lschorn/silvi/1/aspectos_ecologicos_da_producao_de_sementes.pdf (Ecological aspects of seed production)
http://home.furb.br/lschorn/silvi/1/aspectos_gerais_da_producao_de_sementes.pdf (General issues involved in seed production)
http://home.furb.br/lschorn/silvi/1/quebra%20de%20dormencia%20tabela%20final10.doc (Dormancy and processes to break it)
http://home.furb.br/lschorn/silvi/2/Apostila%20Silvicultura.PDF (Silviculture
II: seedling production)
http://home.furb.br/lschorn/silvi/2/esp%e9cies%20florestais%20exoticas.doc (Silviculture of exotic forest species)
"Propagating and Planting Trees" -
(Portuguese)
The publication Agrodok 16 from Agromisa Foundation, with 114 pages,
was written by Ed Verheij, in 2005. The document describes the forest
techniques to be used to propagate and to plant trees in agroforestry
systems. It was written to be a guide to farmers and extensionists,
for this reason the emphasis is given to low cost and simple methods.
http://www.anancy.org/uploads/file_pt/19-p-2005-screen.pdf
"Tropical Silviculture Handbook" - (Portuguese)
This is a very interesting publication that received the support from
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization. In this Portuguese version,
it is presented by the University Eduardo Mendlane, Department of Forestry
Engineering. The 130 pages are rich contents on concepts about the
silviculture in the tropical regions. The authors are N.Ribeiro, A.A.Sitoe,
B.S.Guedes and C.Staiss; released on 2002.
http://ufra.edu.br/pet_florestal/downloads/manual%20de%20silvicultura.pdf
" El Papel del Sur: Plantaciones Forestales en la Estrategia Papelera
Internacional" - (Spanish and English)
In a previous edition of our Eucalyptus Newsletter we had the chance
to introduce to you the English version of this interesting and controversial
publication written by Ricardo Carrera / Larry Lohmann (http://www.wrm.org.uy/plantations/material/PulpingSouth.pdf).
Since the book is also available in Spanish, we are taking the chance
to bring it to you:
http://www.cdca.it/IMG/pdf/PapelSur.pdf (Spanish)
"Innovation in the Pulp Production based on the Eucalyptus Short Fibers" -
(Portuguese)
This is an university paper describing the success of the market pulp
manufacturing industry in Brazil, the reasons for these achievements
and the role of the technological innovation for this competitiveness.
The authors are: M.R.Brochado, L.M.Mofati, C.A. Choeypant, M.C.Pereira
and C.Nolte. The article has 8 pages and it was presented at the XXIV
Brazilian Meeting of Production Engineering, in 2004, in the city of
Florianopolis.
Florianópolis.
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001424/142426E.pdf
"Green Steel: the Brazilian Steel Industry and Environmental Performance" -
(English)
Academic paper showing the environmental advances of the Brazilian steel manufacturing
industry. This industry in Brazil is based on the utilization of wood charcoal
manufactured mainly using the Eucalyptus planted forests. Paper has been written
by J.R.Barton to the School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia,
United Kingdom, 27 pages, 1998.
http://168.96.200.17/ar/libros/lasa98/Barton.pdf
References
on Events and Courses
This section has as aim to introduce to you several
very good links with recently already happened events. The advantage
provided to the readers is that the event organizers made the presentations
or proceedings available for free downloading. This is a very good
way to practice social and scientific responsibility. Our most sincere
thanks to all these organizers for this friendly procedure, sharing
the event material with the interested parties.
National Symposium on Environmental Forestry - (Portuguese)
This event was organized by CEDAGRO - Center for Agribusiness Development
in the State of Espirito Santo. In the 2007 edition of this symposium,
the central theme was "The role of forests in the global warning".
We had excellent speeches about planted forests and natural forests,
sustainable development, clean development mechanisms, carbon sinking,
etc...
http://www.cedagro.org.br/reflorestamento/?page=pg_02 (About
the event)
http://www.cedagro.org.br/reflorestamento/?page=pg_05 (Program)
http://www.cedagro.org.br/?page=pg_eventodetalhes_reflorestamento (Speeches
for downloading)
I
Seminar on "Water Resources
in the Paraiba do Sul River Watershed" -
SERHIDRO 2007 - "The Eucalyptus and the Hydrological Cycle" -
(Portuguese)
This was a great event about forests and their influence on the hydrology
of the region they are. Special emphasis on the Eucalyptus plantation
forests was given by several authors. Definitively, very good speeches
on this issue. The event was organized by UNITAU - University of
Taubate, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Among the speakers, several
were renowned scientists and researchers on this topic. Considering
that this theme is provoking debates and questioning from many NGO's,
the symposium was able to clarify many conflicting topics through
the very good technical and scientific contributions. Please, visit
the websites to check the material and to download the speeches and
articles.
http://www.agro.unitau.br/serhidro/doc/Programa.htm (Program)
http://www.agro.unitau.br/serhidro/doc/@sumario.htm# (Proceedings
with the technical articles)
http://www.agro.unitau.br/serhidro/palestras.php (Invited
speeches)
http://www.agro.unitau.br/serhidro/palestraspre.php (Pre-congress
invited speeches)
UNFF
Planted Forests Expert Meeting "Maximizing the Role of
Planted Forests in Sustainable Forest Management" - New Zealand
- (English)
It was an important event that has happened in New Zealand
in 2003. The organization was shared among the New Zealand Ministry
of Agriculture
and Forestry, IUFRO (International Union of Forest Research Organizations)
and the UNFF (United Nations Forum on Forests). The event had as objectives
to discuss strategies to promote the sustainable forest management
(SFM) in plantation forests, and had several case studies presented
on this subject. Other topics also discussed were related to: forest
certification, agroforestry, sustainable operational practices and
models, etc.
http://www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/unff-planted-forestry-meeting
Workshop "Eucalyptus in California" -
USDA - PSWFRES - (English)
Organized by the USDA Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment
Association. The event was held some years ago (1983), but it has some
very good articles about the successful introduction of Eucalyptus in plantation forests in some North American states: California, Florida,
Oregon, and Hawaii. Some of the main topics that have been covered
include: species introduction, forest tree breeding, cloning and vegetative
propagation, industrial utilization of the woods, silviculture, etc.
The proceedings are available for free downloading to the interested
parties at the suggested URLs:
http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr069
http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr069/psw_gtr069.pdf
Seminar
about "Integrated Management of Watersheds Containing
Plantation Forests" - SIF 2007 - (Portuguese)
An important event about forest hydrology organized by SIF - Society
of Forestry Investigations, in 2007. The speeches were related to:
forest hydrology, stand productivity, water consumption, watershed
mapping, etc.
http://www.sif.org.br/site/scripts/index.php?conteudo=17&tipo=5
EPOBIO Workshops on Biorefineries - (English)
EPOBIO is an European international project to study the energy potential
of biomass raw materials as sources of renewable energy. The aim is
to develop technological solutions in a time length of no longer than
15 years from the year 2005. Until now, two workshops have been organized
about biorefineries. The speeches are available for free downloading
to the interested parties. Very good technical material. Please, visit
them:
1st EPOBIO Workshop:
Products from Plants - the Biorefinery Future
http://www.epobio.net/workshop0605.htm (English)
2nd EPOBIO Workshop:
Products from Plants – from Crops and Forests to Zero-Waste
Biorefineries
http://www.epobio.net/workshop0705.htm (English)
I Journey
about the "Forest and Industrial Potential of the Eucalyptus in Santiago del Estero - Argentina" - (Spanish)
The event was held in 2005 in Santiago del Estero, Argentina. It had
the aim to debate the potential and strategies to raise the area of Eucalyptus plantations in the region. The organizer was the Universidad
Nacional de Santiago del Estero, through its College of Forestry Sciences (http://fcf.unse.edu.ar).
http://www.eucs4hvt.org/docs/Conference%20Proceedings.pdf
Euca-Links
Here,
we are bringing to you a series of links with several very good
websites that have strong connection with the Eucalyptus. I hope
you may visit them, taking advantage of the good technical material
they offer at a no cost basis.
Floram Project. (Brazil)
During late 1980's, in Brazil, a selected group of renowned experts
and thinkers was created with the mission to propose strategies
to the phenomenon's of carbon sinking and greenhouse effect mitigation.
The results of this reflection was the proposal of a mega-project
for afforestation in Brazil, with an estimated area of 20 million
hectares of plantations. The Floram project, as it was named, had
as objectives to show the environmental, social and economic advantages
of such activity to the country. The archives of all main papers
that have been issued by these experts are made available to all,
thanks to the Advanced Studies Institute, University of Sao Paulo.
The files may be read both in English or Portuguese. There are
no doubts that this topic is still very actual and important. For
these reasons, we recommend a visit to the following addresses
to know more about the findings and suggestions of the Floram project.
Good reading.
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_issuetoc&pid=0103-401419900002&lng=pt&nrm=iso (Portuguese)
http://www.iea.usp.br/iea/english/journal/9/index.html (English)
Continuous
Forest Inventory for the State of Rio Grande do Sul. (Brazil)
It is a very useful and creative website, showing the results of
a wide forest inventory that has been performed to the state of Rio
Grande do Sul, late 1990's. The coordination of this study was under
responsibility of the Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM. The
project leader was our dear friend Dr. Doadi Antonio Brena. Logistic
and financial support was provided by the Environmental Secretary
of this state. In the webpage you are able to find statistics, maps,
methodologies, conclusions, about the state forest areas, both natural
ecosystems and planted forests. A pearl, a masterpiece of the technical
literature to serve as example to other states and countries. Please,
visit:
http://coralx.ufsm.br/ifcrs/frame.htm
Rob's Jackson Laboratory - Duke University. (USA)
The Jackson Laboratory is well-known by its studies and researches
on forest hydrology, carbon sinking, global changes and environmental
impacts, including the effects of forest plantations. Some of the
papers that have been released by the Jackson Lab scientists are
been considered helpful guides to establish new guidelines to the
plantation forests. We are giving you a chance to visit the laboratory,
to obtain the available publications, to know the main projects and
programs , the group of professors and researchers, the graduate
students, etc. Since the Jackson Lab is part of the Duke University,
the Jackson Lab courses agenda, programs and lectures are also available
to be visited.
http://www.biology.duke.edu/jackson/pubs.htm (Publications)
http://www.biology.duke.edu/jackson/currproj.html (Projects)
http://www.biology.duke.edu/bio265 (Course
on Plant Eco-physiology)
http://www.duke.edu/web/nicholas/bio217 (Course
on Ecology and Global Changes)
Cenbio - Reference National Center in Biomass. (Brazil)
Cenbio is an organization that has the aim to promote the renewable
energy sources, including biomasses and other bioenergy sources.
Cenbio website is very rich, with a lot of technical material for
downloading: documents, articles, speeches of events, standards,
materials of courses, reports, etc. Cenbio has the support from several
organizations as: University of Sao Paulo, FINEP, Ministry of Science
and Technology, Sao Paulo State Secretary of Energy, International
Energy Initiative and Biomass Users Network. Know more visiting the
links:
http://www.cenbio.org.br/pt/index.html (General
website)
http://www.cenbio.org.br/pt/projetos.html (Projects
being developed)
http://www.cenbio.org.br/pt/documentos.html (Documents for downloading)
http://www.cenbio.org.br/pt/downloads/jornal/RBB1.pdf (Brazilian
Bioenergy Magazine - Revista Brasileira de Bionergia)
CAF - Companhia Agro Florestal Santa Barbara. (Brazil)
CAF is a company that belongs to the Arcelor group. It has the responsibility
to plant Eucalyptus forests in Brazil to the wood production oriented
to the manufacture of charcoal. This wood charcoal is raw material
to the steel manufacturing by another company of the group: Belgo
Mineira. CAF is devoted to the sustainable forest management, being
certified in accordance with FSC and ISO 14001. Please, know more
about CAF, its activities, visiting the webpage and the interesting
photo gallery about the silviculture of the Eucalyptus.
http://www.caf.ind.br (General
website)
http://www.imgdesigner.com/clientes/caf/index.asp?Grupo=2&SubGrupo=8 (The Eucalyptus and
the steel)
http://www.imgdesigner.com/clientes/caf/index.asp?Grupo=2&SubGrupo=9 (Forest
Producer Program oriented to farmers)
http://www.imgdesigner.com/clientes/caf/index.asp?Grupo=6 (Eucalyptus photo
gallery)
Acesita Energetica. (Brazil)
Acesita Energetica is a company that is owned by another Brazilian
siderurgic company, Acesita S/A, also from the Arcelor group. The
company aims to produce Eucalyptus woods, planting extensive areas
of forests in Brazil. The wood is not just for charcoal, the main
use, but also for multi-purpose utilization, such as: railway sleepers,
poles, sawtimber, wood packaging, etc. The company environmental
awareness, policies and guidelines can be confirmed through the
reading of a very unique and original Forestry Management Plan.
It is definitively
delightful.
http://www.acesitaenergetica.com.br (General
website)
http://www.acesitaenergetica.com.br/revista.htm (Turn
over the pages of the Forestry Management Plan, and enjoy it
as you were
reading
a book)
In the past edition of our Eucalyptus Newsletter,
the main issue we have discoursed was about the Eucalyptus parts
being used as raw materials for art craft around the world. Now,
we are going to talk about the beauty of these trees, their morphological
forms and parts, such as flowers, leaves, fruits, branches and twigs
or even on their aggregations as forests. The marvelous trees and
their impact on emotions are in such level that they may even be
source of artistic inspiration to many people. Paints, illustrations,
artistic photos, rugs, jewelry and even water fonts can have Eucalyptus images and forms.
Differently
from the art craft, in which the artisans make products using the
parts of the Eucalyptus trees, many artists
like to represent
this gorgeous and charming tree as the Eucalyptus is, interacting
with the environment. The great variety of Eucalyptus species contributes
to distinguish colors, architectures, shapes and textures that can
even make this inspiration stronger and more pronounced.
Besides
that, in the nature, these trees can show many light contrasts
as the wind shakes the leaves and the sunshine hits them. This
fact
may create interesting images and landscapes which have been registered
in many paintings, illustrations and photos for the eternity.
One
of the most common paintings and drawings of the Eucalyptus and its
morphological parts are the botanical illustrations. Many artists
use water color and pastel techniques to illustrate detailed botanic
characteristics of the Eucalyptus species and their parts. They paint
in detail flowers, leaves, fruits and other tree parts. But there
is another group of artists who are used to paint in oil and to put
the emotion and feelings in the landscape that they see. In many
of these cases, the Eucalyptus that is observed in the view inspires
them.
The same way as it occurs with the art craft, many
artworks that were inspired by the Eucalyptus can be found in its
origin country:
mostly in Australia. However, since these trees are spreading over
the world, they are inspiring people's art in many parts of the planet.
Next, some of the famous Australian artists who
create botanical illustrations and drawings from the Eucalyptus species
are briefly
introduced to you:
Beverley
Graham: She expresses in
her designs the Australian flora, including the Eucalyptus, using
watercolor
technique and graphic
design. Member of the Botanical Illustrators Group of the Friends
of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Berveley has part of her artwork exhibited
in the Australian National Gallery and in RMIT University in Melbourne,
Australia. Some copies of her illustrations were also included in
Australian post cards and in mail stamp collections. This artist
loves her country native plants and hopes her artwork can bring concern
to people for conserving such an unique flora. Perhaps that’s
why we may find innumerous of her art pieces available in many web
pages.
http://www.botany.unimelb.edu.au/botany/gumleafauction/graham.html (English)
http://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/static/botart2002/bgraham.htm (English)
http://www.makingtracks.com.au/pages/default.cfm?page_id=19176 (English)
Marta
Salamon: Botanical illustration’s painter and drawer, Marta
Salamon has a great knowledge of botany and represents native and
exotic plants in her artwork, that are well-known because their
richness of details. There are two of her Eucalyptus illustrations
in the web for your delighting.
http://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/static/botart2002/msalamon.htm (English)
Helen
Fitzgerald: She is considered an experienced
and renowned art professional with her botanical illustrations. Also,
she studied art in Italy and on Wien. Her career started very early:
born inside an artistic family, she had her fist art paint accepted
in Wynne Art Exhibition, Sydney by the age of nineteen. She has already
illustrated five Australian flora and fauna books and gives classes
on art education.
http://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/static/botart2002/hfitzgerald.htm (English)
Fiona
McKinnon: Artist and a teacher as well since
1998, Fiona has already won some special awards of the Australian
and International Botanical arts. Take a look at her Eucalyptus artwork
in:
http://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/static/botart2002/fmckinnon.htm (English)
Alwynne
Fairweather: Graduated in botany and geology, she always
showed great interest in art, and had the Australian flora as a
main source
of inspiration for her artworks.
http://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/static/botart2002/afairweather.htm (English)
John
Armstrong: This artist paints and draws detailed Australian flora
according to his observations. He has one of his Eucalyptus pieces
in the web.
http://www.passionateobservers.org/john_armstrong/slides/Eucalyptus%20piperita%20ssp%20urceolata.php (English)
Other
painters in the world equally inspired by the Eucalyptus:
Laura
Wynne: Born in California, USA, she started in the paint world
motivated by her father and since than she gets her inspirations
by the different forms and lights that nature offers. She tries
always to capture the moment emotions in her art pieces. Laura
Wynne has two oil paintings with the Eucalyptus for sale on Internet.
http://fineartamerica.com/profiles/laura-wynne.html?tab=artwork (English)
Paul
Kratter: Born in the California coast, USA, the artist shows with
his oil paints the landscape of his natural region and also the
animal wildlife. He has two works with Eucalyptus being shown in
the web:
http://www.holtonframes.com/gallery/kratter/index.html (English)
Maria
Kubicek: Born in the Chaco region of Argentina, and graduated
in agronomy in Cordoba, Maria Kubicek started in art
by the 90´s. Sooner, she became specialized in ceramics paintings,
but also produces landscape oil paintings inspired by the beauty
of her natural region. This includes the piece " O Eucalypto".
She already exposed her artworks in the most important Argentina’s
cities and in many Brazilian’s and Mexican’s galleries,
too.
http://www.artelista.com/autor/2083078581714370-kubicek.html (Spanish)
Luis
Mendes: An artist coming from
Sao Paulo, Brazil, Luis Mendes’ sources of inspiration are
the Brazilian culture and landscapes. Take a look at his work and
his painting of the Eucalyptus.
http://www.overstock.com/Worldstock/Brazilian-Harvests-Eucalyptus-Original-Batik-Painting-
Brazil/2646354/product.html#moreinfo (English)
http://www.clintonbrothers.com/Worldstock-Handcrafted-Home-Decor-Wall-Decor-Original-Art-1.html (English)
Web
sites with masterpieces of art inspired in the Eucalyptus:
• Australian Christmas cards and gift cards:
http://www.makingtracks.com.au/pages/default.cfm?page_id=34092 (English)
http://www.australianaonline.com.au/category26_1.htm (English)
• The art of the botanical illustrations (site with
a full diversity of plant genus and species, including the Eucalyptus):
http://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/static/botart/genuslist.html (English)
• Paintings
and the Eucalyptus:
http://home.vicnet.net.au/~wildlife/winners%202001/Ednie.jpg (English)
http://fineartamerica.com/paintings/tag/eucalyptus (English)
http://en.easyart.com/art-print-search/Eucalyptus.html (English)
http://www.dailypainters.com/paintings/keyword/eucalyptus (English)
http://www.holtonframes.com/gallery/kratter/PhonePolesEucs.html (English)
http://www.yessy.com/art/paintings/flowers_plants_trees/trees_shrubs/eucalyptus.htl (English)
http://www.eric-gould.com/art-gallery/painting-013.htm (English)
http://www.zaplinlampert.com/component/option,com_gallery2/Itemid,42/?g2_itemId=10843 (English)
http://views-from-venice.blogspot.com/2006/11/eucalyptus-chimney.html (English)
http://belindadelpesco.blogspot.com/2006/11/eucalyptus-study-watercolor-on-gesso.html (English)
http://www.anticofineart.com/pages/galleries/flora_fauna/eucalyptus-sentry.html (English)
http://www.anticofineart.com/pages/galleries/flora_fauna/sun-bathing-eucalyptus.html (English)
http://www.angel-art-house.com/oil_paintings_artists/w/Wachtel_Marion_Kavanaugh/Eucalyptus_Trees.htm (English)
http://item.express.ebay.com/15x30-LYNNE-FRENCH-Original-Painting-EUCALYPTUS-
MEADOW_W0QQitemZ280184674510QQihZ018QQcmdZExpressItem (English)
http://www.larymckee.com/product.asp?pID=21&cID=86&e=1 (English)
http://realcolorwheel.com/150.htm (English)
http://www.artgator.com/all_options.php?imageid=25&pid=12&PHPSESSID=92b (English)
http://www.botany.unimelb.edu.au/botany/gumleafauction/index.html (English)
http://www.canvaz.com/gallery/1571.htm (English)
http://www.arteenventa.com/Europa/Espa%F1a/Andaluc%EDa_Sevilla/Alcala_de_guadaira/foto_1640.htm (Spanish)
http://www.art-vector.com/es/eucaliptos-rayos-ardiente-australia-p-562_c1_121.html (Spanish)
http://www.artelista.com/obra/7993974141926702-eucaliptosobrelaavenidadonatoalvarez.html (Spanish)
• Art
photos:
http://www.acclaimimages.com/search_terms/eucalypt.html (English)
http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/South_America/Brazil/photo659542.htm (English)
http://www.123rf.com/stock-photo/eucalypt.html (English)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/eucalypt/clusters (English)
http://www.superstock.com/search/eucalyptus (English)
http://www.fotosearch.fr/photos-images/eucalyptus.html (French)
http://photographersdirect.com/stockimages/e/eucalyptus.asp (English)
http://us.snaparazzi.eu/eucalyptus (English)
http://www.cfgphoto.com/photos-eucalypts-eucalyptus.html (English)
http://www.faculty.ucr.edu/~legneref/botany/forrepi3.htm#eucalyptus (English)
http://search.pbase.com/search?q=eucalypt&c=sp (English)
• Jewelry
inspired in the Eucalyptus:
http://www.zeldawong.co.uk/product.asp?cid=652&pid=2219 (English)
http://www.wildlifewonders.com/eucalyptus.html (English)
http://www.chintz.com/jewelry.php?pid=382&cid=64&page=1 (English)
http://www.anaverdun.com/collections/botanica/b.php (English)
http://www.rusticspirit.com/aspenleaf (English)
http://sattvagallery.com/jewelry.html (English)
http://www.seminarystreet.com/shopping/calicocat_silverseasons.htm (English)
• Rugs
inspired in the Eucalyptus:
http://www.pr.mq.edu.au/macnews/showitem.asp?ItemID=406 (English)
http://www.everyslipcover.com/Carpet-Art-Deco-IBR-CQ1026.html (English)
• Artistic
water font inspired in the Eucalyptus:
http://leeblackwellstudio.com/eucalyptus.htm (English)
New
Section:
News from the Eucalyptus Homelands
(a cooperation from Appita / Australia - http://www.appita.com.au)
Starting in this Eucalyptus Newsletter
number, we are bringing a new section to you. It consists in
a special cooperation
from our dear Appita friends (Appita - The Technical Association
of the Australian and New Zealand Pulp and Paper Industry -http://www.appita.com.au).
We are receiving the usual support from our dear friends Ralph
Coghill, Roberto Miotti, and many other Appita members. I have
also the privilege to be an Apitta member, taking the chance
to enjoy the excellent services this association provides to
members. My most sincere thanks to them for allowing us the
chance to know more about the Eucalyptus in their homelands.
In
this edition: Albany resources (Western
Australia) pay off for forward thinking
By
David Wettenhall (Appita member, davidw@plantall.com.au )
Under circumstances of very strong international demand for
high quality Eucalyptus wood fiber, the blue gum (Eucalyptus
globulus) plantation resource around Albany is maturing at
a very fortunate time.
The
plantation industry around Albany, Western Australia, was
initiated in the late 1980’s with
a view to establishing more trees in the landscape for environmental
benefits especially
to combat rising water tables and burgeoning salinization of
soils and waterways. It was recognized by the far sighted foresters
that need for trees was so extensive that governments could
not meet the costs. It was essential to establish profitable
tree crops using private investment in order to achieve the
environmental benefits. Early plantings were of radiata pine
(Pinus radiata), but the short rotation blue gum soon proved
more attractive to investors because of the shorter crop cycle
to grow pulpwood.
The
government agency CALM (Conservation and Land Management)
developed the technical knowledge and established
early blue
gum plantations in partnership with Japanese paper companies
and trading houses. Managed Investment Schemes soon recognized
the potential and by the mid-1990’s there were a number
of schemes active in the Albany hinterland.
Managed Investment
Schemes have proved to be a very effective conduit for urban
and mining wealth to be invested in forestry
projects in accordance with government policy and partially
relieving governments from their traditional forest products
supply role. The schemes are sensitive to changes in government
policy and subject to competition from alternative investment
vehicles such as superannuation. This causes significant
variation in the areas planted each year. The total area planted
in the
Albany supply zone exceeds 150,000 hectares.
The
first shipment of woodchips departed Albany in March, 2002
on the ‘MS
Oji Universe’ bound for Abaratsu, Japan.
There are now four vendors of woodchips operating from Albany
representing the major plantation managers in the region. Exports
for 2007 totaled 1.4 Million green tonnes and this is expected
to rise to 2 to 3 M green tonnes annually in the next few years.
All vendors report strong demand. There have been numerous
enquiries from potential purchasers but the vendors are inclined
to maintain the good relations with current markets given
that they are taking all available wood. The export price has
defiantly
moved upwards every year since 2002 in the face of increasing
shipping costs and strengthening Australian currency.
The plantation
managers utilize a range of plantation harvesting systems
including log harvesting and haulage to a woodchip
mill from where chips are railed 25 km to the port. Other
managers prefer to chip in-field and deliver woodchips directly
to the
port where they are screened. Some managers are using the
capacity of blue gum to sprout from stumps to regenerate a
second crop.
Others are removing the first rotation stumps and planting
genetically advanced seedlings on the site.
There have been
few issues with blue gum forestry in the region. Application
of agricultural pesticides causes community concern,
land prices have escalated strongly, transport infrastructure
requires upgrading to cope with expanded activity and some
small communities have declined as populations move to regional
centers. However, it is generally recognized that plantation
forestry is well managed and regulated and only partially
the cause of the adverse social impacts. The economic activity
generated by plantation management, harvesting, transport
and
exports coinciding with unprecedented boom in the mining
sector in Western Australia is stretching available labor and
accommodation
supplies in the region.
To cap it all off, government studies
have established that the plantations have arrested the salinization
of waterways
which will soon return to drinking water standard. The visionary
foresters who dared to think plantations could achieve all
this and create the economic and social benefits deserve
our thanks, praise and respect.
The
Friends of the Eucalyptus
Dr.
Luiz Ernesto George Barrichelo
Dr. Luiz Ernesto George Barrichelo
is one of the major icons in the Brazilian forestry and pulp
and paper science
and technology segments. I have the privilege to have had him as
my professor, adviser, colleague at work, and today, a dedicated
and fraternal friend. Barrichelo has always been an enthusiastic
chemist, something that was a great complement to his career as
an agronomist, with expertise in forestry. His love for chemistry
was so great, that during his time of student at ESALQ/USP his
given nickname was Berzelius, one of the chemistry science father.
Barrichelo was able to introduce me to chemistry and to the principles
of this science. Chemistry depends on quality, reliability, accuracy
and precision. When we make mistakes on chemistry, they may be
easily noticed, and sometimes, they are dangerous. For this reason,
we must be attentive, careful, persistent and innovative. All these
virtues Barrichelo has in abundance. As usual, he was good enough
to teach me these features, when I was his student. On top of these,
we should add his dedication, enthusiasm, profession and career
believes, and faith and respect to human beings. Over his guidance
he had tens of agronomy, chemistry and forest engineering students.
With him, they were able to learn the fundamentals of the wood
chemistry and quality, and the technology of the pulp and paper.
Barrichelo was one of the responsible in Brazil to allow the forest
engineers to fill an important room in the pulp and paper industry
and also in the chemical forest products industry (essential oils,
resins, gums, charcoal manufacturing, chemical supplies, etc.)
His success as a professional may be confirmed by his hundreds
of published articles, papers, reports, speeches, book chapters,
hand-outs, standards, etc., etc. We shall also mention his administrative
and managerial virtues. Thanks to them, he could reach important
positions at E.S.A."Luiz de Queiroz"/USP, such as: mayor
of the ESALQ campus; head of the Forest Sciences Department; executive,
scientific and administrative director of the IPEF - Institute
of Forest Researches and Studies; responsible to the Forestry Experimental
Station of Itatinga from ESALQ. Besides these achievements at his
work, he has also been very active in associations as ABTCP - The
Brazilian Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry,
in which he is a founding member.
Professor Barrichelo was born
in 1941, at the town of Rio das Pedras - SP. He belongs to a
well-known Brazilian family, both in his
homelands or even in the entire country. His devotion to his
family, to his wife Sonia Maria, to his three daughters (Renata,
Viviane
and Marcia) and one son (Luiz Fernando), were key factors to
him to develop a special website to the Barrichello family. Besides
all these, he is also very well related to other people. His
abilities
have guided him to search places where he could exercise human
relations and to work in favor of the society. Thanks to these
orientations, he has been converted to a devoted Rotary Club
member, since 1968. At the Rotary Club he reached important positions
in
the hierarchical chain, and was able to succeed in many social
achievements projects. Another of his recreation is the internet.
It is a passion to him, since the early days of this technology,
during the mid 1980's. His passion to family, friends, and to
the web have directed him to the creation of several websites,
none
of them a technical one. All these websites reflect his care
and respect to people, to his family, to his friends from the university
time and from the Rotary Club, and also to his father Luiz Augusto
Barrichello.
Know more about the Luiz Ernesto's websites, navigating
on them for entertainment:
• the
Barrichello family (http://www.familia.barrichello.nom.br),
• his father Luiz Augusto Barrichello (http://www.luiz.barrichelo.nom.br/Papai/index.htm),
• his own website (http://www.luiz.barrichelo.nom.br)
,
• his friends in the 1966 ESALQ graduation ( http://f66.esalq.nom.br),
• the Rotary Club he is a member ( http://www.rotarycidadealta.org.br),
• the district of the Rotary Club where it is inserted (http://www.rotary4310.org.br).
Dr.
Barrichelo started his studies at the ESALQ/USP (College of Agronomy "Luiz
de Queiroz" -
University of Sao Paulo) in 1962. His aim was to become an agronomist,
a promising
career in Brazil at that time. Exactly in that same year, the Department
of Silviculture was created at ESALQ, under the leadership of Professor
Helladio do Amaral Mello. In 1966, Barrichelo got his graduation
in Agronomy, and in 1967 he was hired by ESALQ as assistant professor.
Under his responsibility he had the courses about wood chemistry
and pulp and paper technology. There, he had the guidance and the
opportunity to work with Dr. Ronaldo Algodoal Guedes Pereira, another
great name of the Brazilian forestry sector. Dr. Ronaldo was surely
one of the major responsible to introduce in Brazil the science
of pulp and paper, first to the agronomists, and later to the forest
engineering students. Luiz Ernesto was first a trainee and soon
an efficient co-worker under the advising of Dr. Ronaldo. His objectives
were to combine his love to chemistry with the chemical and practical
application of wood, converting the chips to pulp and paper. His
dreams to be well-succeed in chemistry were becoming real. Chemistry
and Forestry could complement and complete each other. From that
time onwards, Barrichelo's career took its course with a lot of
innovation, creativeness, hard-working, and a stupend scientific
production.
Everything
was happening in Brazil along those "golden
years" in
the 1960's and 1970's. A Federal Government program to incentive
the plantation of forests was created, and some few years later,
another program was launched to promote the development of the
pulp and paper industry. It was absolutely natural that the forestry
segment and career would grow concomitantly. In 1967, the ABTCP
(Brazilian Technical Association of Pulp and Paper) was born.
In 1968, the new born was IPEF - Institute of Forest Researches
and
Studies. To both, Barrichelo's participation was vital, to their
foundations and to their developments and trajectories. Since
the forestry and market pulp segments had had the decision to
grow
more in Eucalyptus, Barrichelo's studies were directed to discover
the secrets of these new raw materials, their woods and their
short hardwood fibers. Dr. Barrichelo had fundamental role in
defining
Eucalyptus species and provenances for kraft pulping, the required
wood quality, the paper potential of the Eucalyptus fibers, the
integration between forestry and wood industrial conversion areas,
and also in the development of new chemical standards to this
just fast-growing industry in Brazil.
Along
his career as an ESALQ professor, he advised over 50 students
(graduate and undergraduate). He has over 200 published scientific
papers, reports and articles in renowned magazines. Also, an
enormous number of speeches in scientific and technical conferences
and
meetings. Besides all this, he has also some books and book
chapters
written, a fantastic academic production. As a professor for
over 30 years, he had a fast growing career, reaching the position
of
USP Office Holder Professor in 1987. This is the maximum position
a professor may reach at this university.
After
retiring as an USP professor, he continues very active as an
invited professor
at the same university, advising graduate
students at the Department of Forest Sciences in Piracicaba.
He
is also the IPEF executive director, what means that he is
definitively still very dynamic and still tied to the same
sector he always
helped to grow. The conclusion is that the family, the work,
the forestry science, the human relations, and the people
education are part of his life, they are vital things to him,
impossible
to live without.
Barrichelo
had several very important and desired awards in his career,
some uniques to most of the researchers
working
in his
field in Brazil. The most important were:
• "Moinho
Santista" Award, in 1994, for his relevant research works
with the utilization of the Eucalyptus as raw material to the
Brazilian pulp and paper industry;
http://www.fundacaobunge.org.br/port/premio_moinho/premiado.asp?id=107;
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0103-40141994000300096&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en
• "Hopes
for the Future for Sustainable World" Award, a condecoration
granted to him in 1996 by the International Academy of Sciences
and by the International Union of Air Pollution Prevention and
Environmental Protection Association, in recognition to his work,
creativeness and performance in the Floram Project;
About
the Floram Project (English and Portuguese):
http://www.iea.usp.br/iea/english/journal/9/index.html
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ea/v4n9/v4n9a02.pdf
http://www.iea.usp.br/iea/english/journal/9/coelhoetalstrategies.pdf
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ea/v4n9/v4n9a06.pdf
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ea/v4n9/v4n9a05.pdf
http://www.iea.usp.br/iea/english/journal/9/absaberetalafforestation.pdf
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ea/v4n9/v4n9a08.pdf
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0103-40141990000200003&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en
http://www.iea.usp.br/iea/english/journal/9/rodesetalbioderversity.pdf
http://www.iea.usp.br/iea/english/journal/9/barrichelodiscussion.pdf
http://www.iea.usp.br/iea/english/journal/9/marcovitchbackground.pdf
Group of notable thinkers and scientists involved
in the creation of the Floram Project: Antonio S. Rensi Coelho;
Azis Ab Saber; Geraldo Forbes; Jacques Marcovitch; James Wright;
Jose Goldemberg; Leopold Rodes; Luiz E. G. Barrichelo; Mauro Antonio
de Morais Victor; Nelson Barbosa Leite; Werner Zulauf.
• Honorary
member of the ABTCP - The Brazilian Technical Association of
Pulp and Paper;
• Sao
Paulo state Medal of Scientific Merit, granted by the Sao Paulo
State governement, in June, 2001;
http://www.pclq.usp.br/jornal/medalha.htm
• Honorary
member of IPEF - Institute of Forest Researches and Studies.
To know more about Dr. Barrichelo's career, we recommend to navigate
in some of his curriculum vitae available in the web. They show
a synthesis of his professional life, very active and rich on achievements:
CNPq
Lattes Brazil Platform of Academic Curriculums
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4727884T3
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=E807516
http://dgp.cnpq.br/buscaoperacional/detalhepesq.jsp?pesq=8371448119935973
USP
Atena System
http://sistemas.usp.br/atena/atnCurriculoLattesMostrar?codpes=34471
Following, for your navigation, we will include links to a series of articles
written by Dr. Barrichelo along his career. It would be an audacious intention
to bring to this Eucalyptus Newsletter all Dr. Barrichelo's academic and
scientific production. We were able to recover in the web a small fraction
of Dr. Barrichelo's technical production. The other papers were published
in a time where the digital world was still incipient, and virtual publications
were not common or inexistent. Fortunately, IPEF decided to bring to the
digital format the majority of its publications. Because of this fact,
a great number of Dr. Barrichelo's publications could be rescued. About
50 articles and other type of publications from Barrichelo are then brought
to you. Barrichelo has been a regular writer in magazines as: Silvicultura
(SBS - Brazilian Society of Silviculture - http://www.sbs.org.br ),
O Papel (ABTCP Journal -http://www.abtcp.org.br),
Silvicultura em Sao Paulo, Embrapa Florestas Forest Research Bulletin (http://www.cnpf.embrapa.br),
Brasil Florestal magazine. He has also been a frequent author in the
Brazilian Forestry Congresses and in the ABTCP Annual Congresses. In case you
reader, may become interested in some of Dr. Barrichelo's papers (when reading
his curriculum) and that are not included in this newsletter for downloading,
please get in touch with Dr. Barrichelo or to the organization responsible
to the publication, either SBS, ABTCP, Embrapa Florestas, etc. I'm sure that
you will get a reprint as a courtesy in a due time.
In
his career, Dr. Barrichelo had several frequent co-workers, a
great number of scientists and technical people who have worked
with him in developing science and technology. Some were his
former students, other are ESALQ colleagues, IPEF professionals,
researchers from the IPEF company members, etc. I had the honor
to be one of them.
Some
of his most usual co-authors and co-workers in Dr. Barrichelo's
papers and publications are:
Jose
Otavio
Brito (http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4783354H0),
Celso Foelkel (http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br),
Francides Gomes da Silva Jr. (http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4785392A1),
Maria Aparecida Mourao Brasil (http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4783507A6),
Hilton Tadeu Zarate do Couto (http://sistemas.usp.br/atena/atnCurriculoLattesMostrar?codpes=39751),
Antonio Rioyei Higa (http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4786893T8),
Celso Garcia Auer (http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4782793A6),
Tasso Leo Krügner (http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4783774E0)
,
Mario Tomazello Filho (http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4788942E5),
and also Antonio Jose Migliorini, Luiz Eduardo Gutierrez, Vail Manfredi,
Jorge Vieira Gonzaga, Maria Aparecida Carpim, Mario Ferreira, Paulo
Kageyama, etc., etc.
During
our search to rescue the papers written by Luiz Ernesto to bring
them to you through this Eucalyptus Newsletter, we had a very
interesting surprise. We discovered that Barrichelo is not only
an Eucalyptus' friend, but a Pinus, too. There
is an enormous number of papers written by Barrichelo about species
of Pinus,
including his free-docency thesis discoursing on the kraft pulp
production using Pinus caribaea wood. This fact is due
to the leadership Barrichelo had from mid 1970's to mid 1980's
in an
ESALQ research project. He was responsible to the Tropical Pines
Project, a research project that had the aim to promote the growth
in the area of pine plantations in Brazil, at that time very
restricted to the Southern states of the country. The study also
had the objective to find suitable alternatives to the Araucaria
angustifolia wood, at that time starting to become endangered
and scarce. Soon, the Araucaria reached the stage of protected
forest species, being no longer allowed to be used as raw material
to the industry. For this reason, so intense was his production
about Pinus, that we decide to create a special section
in our number 03 PinusLetter (http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/pinusletter.html).
to bring all these articles to you in the right newsletter.
Visit the PinusLetter website to know this collection. The papers
are equally precious.
In
order to facilitate the search and location of the publications,
we decided to divide the files in seven main groups: theses;
books; interviews; wood anatomy, chemistry and quality; pulp
and paper technology; biomass and energy; R&D management.
Please, remember that more than 20 Dr. Barrichelo's articles
about Pinus, their woods and pulps, are to be introduced
to you in the number 03 issue of our PinusLetter.
My dear friend Luiz Ernesto Barrichelo, for all
your career, for the charismatic and unique person you are, for
everything you have done, are doing and will do for the Eucalyptus,
for the Pinus and to the Brazilian forestry and forest-based industry,
we all want to thank you very much. These acknowledgements reflect
the will of all your former students, your friends, your admirers,
and all the Brazilian forest community. Thanks for you dedication
and work to us.
Know
more about Dr. Barrichelo's talent reading some of his theses,
articles, books, and papers. Among them, please find a fantastic
book recently edited by Duratex S/A about the Eucalyptus, in
which he was co-author. Most of his publications are written
in Portuguese, but they have a summary in English. Precious works,
have a look.
Barrichelo's
Academic Theses
O uso da madeira de Eucalyptus
saligna na obtencao
de celulose pelo processo bissulfito base magnesio. L.E.G.Barrichelo.
Ph.D. Thesis USP. 89 pp. (1971)
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/outros/
O%20uso%20da%20madeira%20de%20Eucalyptus%20saligna%20Smith.pdf
Estudo das caracteristicas fisicas, anatomicas e quimicas da
madeira de Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis para a producao de
celulose kraft. L.E.G.Barrichelo.
Free Docency Thesis USP. 173 pp. (1979)
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/outros/Estudo%20das%20caracteristicas.pdf
Books
A madeira das especies de eucalipto como materia-prima para a industria de
celulose e papel. L.E.G.Barrichelo; J.O.Brito. Prodepef/BRA 45 Serie
Divulgacao nº 13. 149 pp. (1976)
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/outros/A%20madeira%20das%20especies%20de%20eucalipto%20mp1.pdf
O
Eucalipto: um seculo no Brasil (The Eucalypt: a century in
Brazil). L.R.S.Queiroz; L.E.G.Barrichelo. Edited by
Duratex S/A. 131 pp. (2007) - In Portuguese and English
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/outros/O%20Eucalipto_Duratex.pdf
Chat
and Interview at the CeluloseOnline Website Portal
http://www.celuloseonline.com.br/Entrevista/Entrevista.asp?IDEntrevista=6&iditem=
http://www.celuloseonline.com.br/Entrevista/Entrevista.asp?IDEntrevista=6
Publications
about Wood Anatomy, Chemistry and Quality
Instrucoes
para coleta de amostras de madeira destinadas a processos de
analises quimicas laboratoriais. L.E.G.Barrichelo;
J.O.Brito; F.G.Silva Jr. Website IPEF. (undated)
http://www.ipef.br/tecprodutos/coleta.asp
Estudos
dos compostos fenolicos como tracadores taxonomicos
das sementes do genero Eucalyptus. R.F.Faria;
A.C.Facco; H.V.Amorim; L.E.G.Barrichelo; J.O.Brito. IPEF Technical
Report nº 29. 8 pp. (undated)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr029.pdf
Metodos
para determinacao da densidade basica
de cavacos para coniferas e folhosas. C.E.B.Foelkel;
M.A.M.Brasil; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 2/3: 45 – 74. (1971)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr02-03/cap04.pdf
Utilizacao
integral da arvore – A casca. J.O.Brito;
L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF Technical Report nº 50. 4 pp. (1979)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr050.pdf
A
utilizacao da madeira na producao de celulose. L.E.G.Barrichelo;
J.O.Brito. IPEF Technical Report nº 68. 12 pp. (1979)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr068.pdf
Densidade
basica entre procedencias, classes de diametro e posicoes em
arvores de Eucalyptus grandis e E.saligna. V.R.Souza;
M.A.Carpim; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 33: 65 – 72. (1986)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr33/cap08.pdf
Densidade
basica da madeira, melhoramento e manejo florestal. V.R.S.Shimoyama; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF Techical
Series
6(20): 1 – 22. (1989)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/stecnica/nr20/cap01.pdf
Qualidade
da madeira de hibrido Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla e selecao precoce. G.S.B.Alencar; L.E.G.Barrichelo;
F.G.Silva Jr. 35th ABTCP Annual Congress. 7 pp. (2002)
http://www.celuloseonline.com.br/imagembank/Docs/DocBank/dc/dc054.pdf
Publications
about Pulp and Paper Technology
Influencia
da gramatura sobre as propriedades fisico-mecanicas da celulose. L.E.G.Barrichelo; C.E.B.Foelkel.
2nd ABCP Annual Convention. 18 pp. (1969)
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/ABTCP/Influ%EAncia%20da%20gramatura.pdf
Variacao
das caracteristicas e das propriedades fisico-mecanicas com
refinacao da celulose sulfato
de madeira de
Eucalyptus saligna. M.A.M.Brasil; C.E.B.Foelkel; L.E.G.Barrichelo;
A.R.Higa. IPEF 5: 33 – 45. (1972)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr05/cap03.pdf
Variacoes
nas propriedades fisico-mecanicas da celulose kraft de Araucaria
angustifolia quando substituida parcialmente por celulose sulfato
de Eucalyptus saligna. C.E.B.Foelkel; L.E.G.Barrichelo. 7th ABCP
Annual Convention. p. 131 – 135. (1974)
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/ABTCP/1974.%20araucaria%20e%20eucalyptus.pdf
Estudo
comparativo das madeiras de Eucalyptus saligna, E.paniculata,
E.citriodora, E.maculata e E.tereticornis para a producao de
celulose sulfato. C.E.B.Foelkel; L.E.G.Barrichelo; A.F.Milanez.
IPEF 10: 17 – 37. (1975)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr10/cap02.pdf
Deslignificacao
alcalina rapida para producao de celulose quimica de Bambusa
vulgaris var. vitatta. L.E.G.Barrichelo; C.E.B.Foelkel. IPEF
11: 83 – 90. (1975)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr11/cap06.pdf
Producao
de celulose sulfato a partir de misturas de madeira de Eucalyptus
saligna com pequenas proporcoes de cavacos de Bambusa vulgaris
var. vitatta. L.E.G.Barrichelo; C.E.B.Foelkel. IPEF 10: 93 – 99.
(1975)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr10/cap06.pdf
Utilizacao
de madeiras de essencias florestais nativas na obtencao de celulose:
Bracatinga (Mimosa bracatinga), Embauba (Cecropia
sp), Caixeta
(Tabebuia cassinoides) e Boleira (Joannesia princeps). L.E.G.Barrichelo;
C.E.B.Foelkel. IPEF 10: 43 – 56. (1975)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr10/cap03.pdf
Mistura
de celuloses de Eucalyptus saligna e Pinus caribaea var. caribaea. C.E.B.Foelkel; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 10: 63 – 76. (1975)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr10/cap04.pdf
Caracteristicas
anatomicas, quimicas e celulosicas do bagaco de quatro variedades
de cana-de-acucar. L.E.G.Barrichelo; C.E.B.Foelkel; J.O.Brito.
9th ABCP Annual Convention. p. 97 – 106. (1976)
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/ABTCP/1976.%20
Baga%E7o%20de%20quatro%20variedades%20de%20cana.pdf
Estudos
para producao de celulose sulfato de seis especies de eucalipto. L.E.G.Barrichelo; C.E.B.Foelkel. IPEF 12: 77 – 95. (1976)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr12/cap03.pdf
Potencialidade
de especies tropicais de eucalipto para a producao de celulose
sulfato branqueada. L.E.G.Barrichelo; J.O.Brito. IPEF 13: 9 – 38.
(1976)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr13/cap01.pdf
Estudo
de algumas sequencias de branqueamento para celulose kraft de
Eucalyptus saligna. L.E.G.Barrichelo; C.E.B.Foelkel; J.O.Brito.
10th ABCP Annual Convention. 5 pp. (1977)
http://www.celso-foelkel.com.br/artigos/ABTCP/1977.%20diversas%20sequencias%20branqueamento.pdf
Estrutura
anatomica e composicao quimica de cavacos de madeira de eucalipto
inoculados com fungo Thermoascus aurantiacus. C.G.Auer; M.P.Ferrari;
M.Tomazello Filho; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 37: 45 – 50.
(1987)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr37/cap05.pdf
Fungos
termofilos em pilhas de cavacos de Eucalyptus spp com auto-aquecimento. C.G.Auer; T.L.Krugner; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 38: 28 – 32.
(1988)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr38/cap04.pdf
Polpacao
kraft convencional e modificada para madeiras de Eucalyptus
grandis e hibrido E.grandis x E.urophylla. A.Bassa; V.M.Sacon; F.G.Silva
Jr.; L.E.G.Barrichelo. 35th ABTCP Annual Congress. 24 pp. (2002)
http://www.celuloseonline.com.br/imagembank/Docs/DocBank/dc/dc085.pdf
http://www.celuloseonline.com.br/imagembank/Docs/DocBank/dc/dc416.pdf (em
ppt)
Papel
de eucalipto rumo a qualidade. L.E.G.Barrichelo.
CeluloseOnline. 2005
http://www.celuloseonline.com.br/colunista/colunista.asp?IDAssuntoMateria=163&iditem
Wood
quality for kraft pulping of Eucalyptus globulus origins planted
in Uruguay. F.Resquim; L.E.G.Barrichelo; J.O.Brito; C.A.Sansigolo.
Scientia Forestalis 72: 57 – 66. (2006)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr72/cap07.pdf
Publications
about Biomass & Energy
Comportamento
isolados da lignina e da celulose da madeira frente a carbonizacao. J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF Technical Report nº 28.
4 pp. (undated)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr028.pdf
Correlacoes
entre caracteristicas fisicas e quimicas da madeira e a producao
de carvao vegetal. 1: Densidade e teor de lignina da madeira
de eucalipto. J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 14: 9 – 20.
(1977)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr14/cap01.pdf
Caracteristicas
do eucalipto como combustivel: analise quimica imediata da madeira
e da casca. J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 16: 63 – 70.
(1978)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr16/cap05.pdf
Usos
diretos e propriedades da madeira para geracao de energia. J.O.Brito;
L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF Technical Report nº 52. 7 pp. (1979)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr052.pdf
Gasogenio
no transporte florestal: analise exploratoria. A.J.Migliorini;
J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF Technical Report nº 57.
9 pp. (1979)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr057.pdf
Avaliacao
das caracteristicas dos residuos da exploracao florestal do eucalipto
para fins energeticos. J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo; H.T.Z.Couto;
E.C.M.Fazzio; L.Corradini; M.A.Carrera; A.J.Migliorini. IPEF
Technical Report nº 62. 7 pp. (1979)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr062.pdf
Aspectos
florestais e tecnologicos da materia-prima para carvao vegetal. J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF Technical Report nº 67.
4 pp. (1979)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr067.pdf
Estimativas
energeticas para povoamentos florestais. J.O.Brito; A.J.Migliorini;
L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF Technical Report nº 79. 10 pp. (1979)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr079.pdf
Correlacoes
entre caracteristicas fisicas e quimicas da madeira e a producao
de carvao. 2: Densidade da madeira x densidade do carvao. J.O.Brito;
L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 20: 101 – 113. (1980)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr20/cap08.pdf
Influencia
das praticas silviculturais na producao de carvao vegetal. IPEF
Technical Report nº 104. A.J.Migliorini; J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo.
5 pp. (1980)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr104.pdf
Avaliacao
do potencial energetico de algumas especies de Eucalyptus. A.J.Migliorini;
L.E.G.Barrichelo; J.O.Brito; M.G.Silva. IPEF Technical Report
nº 107. 5 pp. (1980)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr107.pdf
Estimativa
da densidade a granel do carvao vegetal a partir de sua densidade
aparente. J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo; M.C.Muramoto; H.T.Z.Couto.
IPEF Technical Report nº 150. 6 pp. (1982)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/ctecnica/nr150.pdf
Analise
da producao energetica e de carvao vegetal de especies de eucalipto. J.O.Brito; L.E.G.Barrichelo; F.Seixas; A.J.Migliorini; M.C.Muramoto.
IPEF 23: 53 – 56. (1983)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr23/cap08.pdf
Estimativa
de preco maximo de madeira para substituicao de oleo combustivel. J.O.Brito; J.M.Ferreira; L.E.G.Barrichelo; L.A.Camargo. IPEF
25: 41 – 44. (1983)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr25/cap07.pdf
Endocarpos
de babacu e de macauba comparados a madeira de Eucalyptus
grandis para a producao de carvao vegetal. J.C.Silva; L.E.G.Barrichelo;
J.O.Brito. IPEF 34: 31 – 34. (1986)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr34/cap04.pdf
Publications
about R&D Management
25
anos de pesquisas para o progresso do setor florestal brasileiro. L.E.G.Barrichelo. IPEF 46: 1 – 7. (1993)
http://www.ipef.br/publicacoes/scientia/nr46/aniversario.pdf
P&D
para o sucesso florestal brasileiro. L.E.G.Barrichelo. Revista
Opinioes August/October 2005
http://www.revistaopinioes.com.br/Conteudo/CelulosePapel/Edicao001/Artigos/Artigo001-18-G.htm
A
tecnologia aplicada na silvicultura. Resgatar a lideranca. L.E.G.Barrichelo.
Revista Opinioes March/May 2006
http://www.revistaopinioes.com.br/Conteudo/CelulosePapel/Edicao003/Artigos/Artigo003-00-G.htm
Technical
mini-article by Celso Foelkel
The Eucalyptus and the
Eco-labels
There are clear evidences that our society is more concerned about
environmental issues. Everyday, we have frequent news about the impacts
of the greenhouse effect and global warning, about the ozone layer
depletion and potential effects, about the endangered species of
fauna and flora and the losses in biodiversity, and occasional news
about great ecological disasters and environmental crimes, and a
lot more. All these facts are posing a growing worry in the world
population. What would be considered a light concern some years ago,
today has been accelerated in an exponential form, mainly due to
the fast information transfer and dissemination. Ordinary citizens
are today showing interest and taking actions to mitigate or to minimize
environmental problems. There is still a lot of room for further
improvements, no doubts about. However, the initial steps have been
taken and they are being given in a more effective and positive way.
The new generations are to be more clarified, concerned, demanded
and active in terms of environment.
We all know that the major causes
for environmental changes in Earth have been given by the own human
beings, whose population grows tremendously
in number and in needs for goods and services for its existence and
happiness. Independently of the cares that may be taken, the human
needs for foods, housing, clothing, consumption goods, fuel, etc
are leading the way to new treats to an already weakened environment.
It is responsibility of this society to search and to find new more
efficacious and more efficient mechanisms to prevent harm to environment
and to preserve the natural resources in a better way than it is
being achieved today. Among these new procedures we have those oriented
to a cleaner and eco-efficient industrial production and to a more
sustainable consumption by the society. Industry, private and public
companies, and service businesses are trying to find methods to perform
with lower waste generation, less re-manufacturing work, less pollution
and better efficiency in operations. There are many new tools in
management to provide these goals: quality and productivity programs,
organization health and safety, good house-keeping, preventive and
predictive maintenance, business planning, etc., etc. The ISO certifications,
series 9000 and 14000, the OHSA 18000, and other certifications,
are cooperating decisively to the improvements in operational and
environmental performance in the factories and in the companies.
Manufacturing companies are becoming more efficient to make the goods
to the society consumption, with minimum impact to the environment.
The ISO 14000 series of standards made its appearance in the mid
90's. They have spread in a notable way all over the world, adding
responsibility, awareness, commitments and pro-activity to the companies
that are managed according to their requirements. The certified companies
may also disclose the advantages they have, such as better operators
responsibility, cleaner and safer operations, fewer pollutants and
lower production costs due to the better operational efficiencies.
A
company that has its environmental management system certified and
in compliance to the ISO 14001 standard is committed to have:
• legal compliance to the environmental laws that are applicable to
it;
• training program to all employees and to the directly involved partners
to develop education and responsibility to the people in the operations
and management;
• in force environmental policy, well-disseminated to all employees
and partners;
• a program for continuous environmental improvements ;
• evaluation of the environmental impacts and a minimization and mitigation
program, including efficient control measures to the negative ones;
• a program of environmental audits, both internal and third parties;
• transparence and good communication in terms of environmental issues
to the interested parties.
ISO
14001 standard offers unquestionable advantages to the companies
who are committed to have an environmental management
system implemented,
effective and audited. However, this standard does not give the
opportunity to clearly compare environmental performances of one
certified company
in relation to another one also certified, specially when they
are competitors by the same market. In case of the hypothesis all
the
companies participating in the same market could show an ISO 14001
certificate, does it mean that all they are equally similar in
terms of environmental care and performance? Surely not. All of
them will
be in compliance with the environmental law, they will all have
an environmental police in force, a program for continuous improvement,
they will be committed to environmental auditing systems, they
will
be evaluating the environmental effects and controlling and mitigating
the negative impacts, etc. However, their environmental performance
indexes will not be compared to pre-settled limits of performance,
established with the involvement of interested parties. Having
these points in mind, we are to have companies performing better
or poorer,
in the same market niche. How to disclose a credible information
to the customers in such market, showing which companies are performing
better in their relevant environmental aspects? What and how could
these environmental aspects be selected? How to show this in a
simple manner avoiding to obscure and to make things even more
complex to
the customers?
On the
other hand, we also have another apprehension. How strong would
customers be interested on this? In case we could
have selected
groups of well-educated and conscious customers willing to buy
products that are manufactured in the best environmental performance
mills,
how could we tell this to them for their selection? How could we
disseminate to customers such concept, using a simple and easy
to understand tool?
Let's consider that the certifications
of management systems for environmental management, occupational
health and safety, are irreversible
in the businesses, nowadays. In a medium term, the great majority
of the companies will be holding them. However, we need ways to
distinguish the best performers, those who are placing more efforts,
with better
eco-efficiency, and more committed to these goals. We need also
mechanisms to add a healthy and sound competition to get a new
level of overcoming,
and also to be able to show this to the market, as an improvement
of the company's image and product marketing. The competition,
the search for continuous improvement, and for the best practices
and
technologies are propellers for new jumps in environmental performances
in the companies, no matter their sizes or locations.
The eco-labels
or green seals (those corresponding to type I, as we are to see later)
were created exactly to fulfill these needs.
For this reason, a type I eco-label is oriented:
-
to
show, through a simple label, easy to be identified by the customers,
because it is attached to the product, that this specific
product
distinguishes from the others in the segment because it was
manufactured with better environmental performance with regard
to some indicators.
This award is reached for only a part of the products in
the market, it is not given to all, but only to the best performers.
In case
the limits of the parameters are becoming weak, and allowing
many companies to grab the label, the limits are reviewed to have
stricter
ones implemented.
-
to
allow consumer to select the products he wants to purchase also
basing
his decision on the environmental performance of the manufacturer.
When selecting a product in the shelves of his favorite supermarket,
the consumer will have ways to select the products that are
more environmentally friendly. He will have several issues to consider
when balancing his purchasing decision: price, quality, image,
environmental protection and performance.
-
to
be a product label and not a company's label. In case the company
has several product lines, it has to develop ways in environmental
performance to get labels to each one, case criteria and
indicators
may be available for.
-
to
allow interested parties to participate and to place opinions in
the
selection of the criteria, and limits to be imposed to the
candidates to the label.
-
to
be a voluntary process, reliable, not an obligation. The companies
are free to decide whether or not they are to work to have
the
label granted to them, as far as they fulfill the requirements.
-
to
be a process for value and image aggregation to the labeled product.
-
not
to be biased, subjective, partial and manipulated.
Considering
that both systems are independent from each other, a company
may not be certified according to the ISO 14001 standard,
but it may have an eco-label in one of its products, and
vice-versa. The better companies, those willing to have a responsible
image
with regard to the environment, they in general try to get both rewards:
a certified environmental management system, and a green
label for attaining the strict levels of environmental performance
imposed
by the label criteria.
The criteria for performance evaluation
are based on the life cycle analysis of the given product. Doing
such, it is possible
to identify
the most critical stages in the process of designing, manufacturing,
and disposing the product. These impacts are evaluated
in terms of effects on water, soil, air, biodiversity, human health,
energy consumption,
hazardous wastes generation, etc. Defined the parameters,
the
next step is to establish the limits to each one. The limits
are defined
considering the best practices, technologies, and performances
in vigor for this specific product. This means that any
of these criteria
and limits are possible to be reached, they are feasible
as far as some of the manufacturers are working in compliance
to them.
The
major difficulty is to reach all limits of the different
criteria at the same time. For this reason, the challenge the companies
will face. It is not easy, but it is challenging, motivator
and rewarding
to attain an eco-label.
Now we know the basic concepts to
differentiate certifications from eco-labels, how could we insert
our Eucalyptus friends
in this eco-labeling
process? It is a very interesting process to improve
even further our forest-based industry, our forest plantations,
our image
and our relation with the interested parties.
First of
all, it has to be very clear that any extensive activity of forest
plantation corresponds to the generation
of environmental
impacts, some are negative and other are positive. The
positive should be maximized, and the negative ones, controlled,
mitigated
and minimized.
The impacts are reflex of the enormous magnitude of this
forestry activity, that demands a great utilization of
Nature (wood,
soil, land, water, air, energy, chemicals, etc). Because
of this, the
following exigencies are requested to those acting in the
business: environmental
impact assessments, environmental permits, legal compliance,
environmental management system certification (ISO 14001),
certification of sustainable
forest management or sound forest management, and chain
of custody certification (FSC / CERFLOR).
The second important
point to be clarified is that the great majority of the leading forest-based
companies in
Brazil are
aware and committed
with the fulfillment of the environmental specifications,
as the above mentioned in our previous item. We could assure
that
close
to all Brazilian leading companies that are using Eucalyptus plantation forests for different purposes (paper, pulp,
charcoal, saw-timber,
wood panels, boards, etc.) are certified and in compliance
with the recommendations of ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSA 18000,
FSC and/or
CERFLOR.
The certifications for sound forest management and chain
of custody (traceability of the certified wood utilized
in a given
product)
are dominants in Brazil. They add environmental quality,
social justice, education and commitment within the companies,
from
the operators
to the managers and shareholders. This is excellent to
the environment. However, the market and the interested
parties
are seen them
as all equal. All with the same certifications; does it
mean that
we have
reached a level of maximum in our industry? Are there chances
for additional environmental gains to the companies and
to the manufactured
products? It is absolutely normal that people demand for
more. Even the companies are searching for voluntary mechanisms
to
add more
environmental and social quality in their management and
operations. They want to be differentiated as one of the
best and the most
responsible in terms of environmental and social issues.
These are the winds
of the new times. Very good, indeed.
To the environmentalists,
to the clear-minded customers, their purposes are to
privilege the good manufacturers,
and to force
the not so
good to improve. This also means to use the purchasing
power to promote environmental changes. How can a company
be differentiated
as one
of the best? By introducing intangible values to their
products. One of these values are the type I eco-labels.
We need now
to clarify
a new concept. What do we mean by type I or type II eco-labels.
These are today the most common eco-labels available
in the market.
Type II eco-labels are self-declarations coming
from the manufacturers. These declarations should be standardized
by the eco-label
and/or by the standard organizations: recyclable, recycled,
CFC-free,
etc. The manufacturer is allowed to use these declarations
and corresponding
logos in a not so bureaucratic procedure. However, in case
of requests, the company has to prove for what it is self-declared.
Type I eco-labels are based on the compliance with well-defined
requirements of performance and manufacture. The criteria
and the limits are developed
with a wide involvement of the interested parties. Our
understanding for interested parties are groups of: manufacturers,
suppliers,
customers, workers, final consumers, financing banks, NGO's,
universities, business
associations, etc. The type I labels are exactly those
we are referring along this mini-article till now. They
add reliability
to the product
and image to the manufacturer. This is understandable:
the manufacturer has to compete to have an eco-label granted,
and
to prove its
environmental performance is one of the best with regard
to selected criteria.
That is the reason type I labels are a lot stricter and
more difficult to be achieved than the self-declarations.
A major concern that exists in the international
commerce in that eco-labels may open the doors to some products
or to some
countries,
and to close the doors to others. For this reason, many
of the eco-label opponents, call the labels as "non-tariff
custom barriers".
They believe that the eco-labels may establish a selection
from the purchaser to one product in detriment to another
one. For example:
the main printing houses in a specific country may decide
to purchase only paper with an accredited eco-label, one
that has been endorsed
by a reliable mutual recognition system. The eco-label
opponents claim that the criteria and limits are defined
within the frontiers
of the country or region is conferring the label. For example:
in Scandinavia, the water availability is a lot better
than in the Mediterranean
Spain. For this reason, the standard organization in Spain,
to develop the criteria for their Spanish eco-labels is
more stringent in the
water consumption in the manufacturing processes, than
the corresponding criteria and limits imposed in Scandinavia.
Another example: in Scandinavia,
the paper industry is based in the utilization of virgin
fibers produced through the pulping of wood from forests.
The exigencies for fiber
furnish in Scandinavia is the presence of a certain percentage
of certified wood in the virgin fiber pulp. In Germany,
wood is scarce,
and the population garbage is rich on wastepaper. For this,
the German eco-labels for paper award the utilization of
waste recycled paper
in the paper manufacturing. Conclusion; the German eco-label
("Blue
Angel") rewards the wastepaper content in paper manufacturing,
while the Scandinavian label ("Nordic Swan")
privileges the certified wood used in the fiber furnishes.
To balance these
differences and to avoid complaints from each side, there
is a mutual recognition system to "equalize" theses
two labels. The different criteria and limits are not to
interfere in the international
trade. The "Blue Angel" label has the same status
and weight in comparison to the "Nordic Swam".
Both criteria are respected and the differences due to
countries specificity's
are understood.
The final consumers will take the decision to buy the product
containing one or another of these two eco-labels, a decision
based on their
thoughts and believes.
Green
labels are fantastic tools for improving environmental performances.
They for sure
will play a decisive role in
the decades to come.
All pro-activity placed to acquire eco-labels to the Eucalyptus forest
products are very welcome. The products obtained from the
Eucalyptus forests may have a label attached to them or
to their packaging,
on these cases. Today, many products are carrying and displaying
a label granted by FSC or CERFLOR. In truth, both are certifications,
but they offer the possibility to place the certification
logo in the product. Differently, the ISO 14001 does not
offer this
chance,
it is not a certification conferred to the product, but
to the environmental managerial system.
A type
I eco-labeled product offers the following advantages:
• Gain of more sophisticated and stringent
markets, but also where the better prices are in force;
• Improvement in the company image, reflecting not only to the general
public, but also to the stock markets;
• Market share growth;
• Overall environmental performance improvement, with consequent reflex
in the achievements of the legal compliance;
• Reduction on environmental liabilities;
• Better company visibility in the international markets;
• Improved acceptance by the interested parties;
• Growth in quality and performance in the production process, in the
innovation and in the responsibility of workers and managers.
Eco-labels are not granted forever, but for a certain length of
time. It depends on renewals. The company has the need
to maintain
the
labels, a task so difficult as to conquer it. The environmental
quality continues to be guaranteed.
To the country where
the company is located, eco-labeling also offers environmental gains,
but marketing and international
image, too.
When a company from a given segment reaches a position
to have
an eco-label granted to its product, even an eco-label
conceded by a
foreign entity, a competition process immediately starts.
Other companies in the same market start to search to
gain the label.
Competition
for labeling is accelerated. This competition is very
sound and healthy to the environment. The companies are
winning,
but the
country and
the environment either. It is very important to the governments
to incentive the development of domestic eco-labeling
systems, based
on international principles, for mutual recognition.
They will be cooperating to the strengthening of the
local standard
organizations.
Today, there are several Eucalyptus forest-based
products that a Brazilian company may work to obtain an European
eco-label
(in a
given country or region, as those already mentioned -
Blue Angel, Nordic Swan, or the European Union eco-label
- the "Flower").
Among these products, we may signalize the printing and
writing papers, in the sub-category copy and graphic
papers, and the tissue papers.
The printed papers are also very close to have the criteria
and limits approved by the European Union eco-labeling
system. Those who are
interested on the printed paper eco-label are the printers.
They are using paper to make books, magazines, packaging,
etc. As far
the criteria for this label is based on the life cycle
analysis ("from
cradle to grave"), and the printing paper in Brazil
is manufactured using Eucalyptus woods growing in planted
forests, all this process
will also be affected. Remember, the concept to an eco-label
development is to detect the most important environmental
issues in a given
product. Paper is the most important raw material to
the printers, for this,
our paper industry will have the impact of this type
of label.
With regard to our Eucalyptus, attaining eco-labels
to their products is very welcome, in a complement to
the
certifications
we have,
as ISO 9001 and 14001; OHSA 18000, FSC and/or CERFLOR.
Eco-labels may
help to improve to better the segment image, both in
the forests and in the mills. Eco-label will also offer
to
the manufacturers
the opportunity for growing in production, in market
share and in participating in better and sophisticated
markets.
In these
cases,
the companies may sell their products without the danger
of being in marginal markets, with lower prices and sometimes
without
payments at all, due to lack of customers reliability.
Since
this process
is important to the country, the government involvement
is vital. The governmental organizations linked to international
trade,
industry, environment, science and technology, standardization,
and also
the universities, may cooperate to the Brazilian industry
to
eco-label products. Eco-labels may be attained either
outside the country,
via other countries eco-labeling systems, or domestically.
Brazilian eco-labeling process is still embrionic; thus,
this may be just
the
right moment to make it more dynamic. The opportunity
exists and the moment is appropriate. However, we must
always
remember that
the essence of the eco-labeling process is that it is
voluntary. This means that in case the manufacturing
companies do
not show interest to get a label, we need to place incentives
to
then,
via demands
from government, interested parties, customers, etc.
There is always the risk that some of the manufacturers
may consider
eco-labeling
as more costs, more bureaucracy or more barriers. In
this case, we may lose an excellent opportunity to jump
ahead
the competitors.
We believe this is a vital issue to the plantation forests
sector, and to the business sustainability.
Our Eucalyptus planted forests are receiving negative criticism from
several sources. We are facing constant
attacks in
relation to their
effects on biodiversity, regional hydrology, soil quality,
rural communities, etc. Although we are questioning them
and giving
answers to these comments, in other mini-articles through
this Eucalyptus
Newsletter, we must not stay quiet and passive as a segment.
We need pro-active actions and sound arguments. These
criticisms are
happening
in Brazil and also in countries that are traditional
importers of the Eucalyptus-based products (pulp, paper,
wood panels,
furniture, etc.). The customers of the Brazilian Eucalyptus-containing
products,
no matter where they are or the product they are purchasing,
they have the wish to have an environmental guarantee
from our side.
FSC
/ CERFLOR certificates and type I eco-labels for products
will provide them this guarantee. This trend will decisively
grow
in the next
years. This is an additional reason to work hard to develop
faster our nice "Hummingbird", the Brazilian
type I eco-label being created by the ABNT - Brazilian
National Standards Association.
I consider paper as a cultural good, a mankind heritage. People
are used to link paper to Nature, it is a renewable resource, a renewable
source of raw material, the forests. It is very important that
the
general society may feel confortable in relation of paper manufacturing
process. It is essential to people the understanding that paper
is made with environmental quality and safety, and with social justice.
In Brazil, the major percentage of the white papers contains Eucalyptus fibers as the main fibrous raw material, no matter virgin or recycled
fibers. The country exports today around 2 million tons of paper
per year. This number is projected to grow. The domestic market
is
also expanding. Domestic and international customers need to be
well-informed about the sector environmental performance, both at
the forest and
industrial operations. Since a huge massive information process
is very difficult and expensive, eco-label is a simple, reliable
and
powerful opportunity for doing this. It is also well-renowned by
the international markets. It is important to have a sounder alternative
to the self-declarations. Sometimes they are done without any regulation,
understanding and purposes. Self-declarations are being created
by companies without following the guidelines of the standardized
ones.
They may even be detrimental and not favorable in such cases.
It
is very important to the sector to be oriented to work for eco-labels
based on the life cycle of the product. The government support
is fundamental. Government organizations may stay working together
to
the business associations in informing and clarifying markets
and citizens about eco-labeling. It is important to have people aware
about the advantages of an eco-labeled product: the meaning,
the
improvements to Nature and how they may encourage sustainable
consumption by ordinary people.
In case we be able to follow these measures,
we will be planting the seeds of a new age in the relations of
the industry with the
most important of its interested parties, the customers. The industry
based on the Eucalyptus wood will improve in performances and in
technologies. Products will be better and cleaner. The consumers
more conscious and selective. The Eucalyptus will reach another
level in image and prestige. Nature will be less endangered. All
of us
will testify and will be able to see the Eucalyptus plantation
forest-based industry to give a decisive jump in the direction of
the dreamed
sustainability.
Eucalyptus
Online Book & Newsletter are technical information texts written
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Technical coordination - Celso Foelkel
celso@celso-foelkel.com.br
Webmaster / editing - Alessandra Foelkel
Celsius Degree: Phone (+55-51) 3338-4809
Copyright © 2007-2010
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coming from the referenced
technical literature. They do not necessarily reflect the
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